THE USE OF TEACHING AID IN TEACHING BUSINESS STUDIES IN JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1       BACKGROUND OF STUDY

The National Policy on Education (NPE) of Nigeria was formulated in 1977 with the goal of providing for the country's current and future technical and economic requirements. One of the ways that this policy focus might be realized was via the incorporation of Business Studies, also known as Business Studies Subject, into the curriculum of secondary schools in Nigeria in the year 1981 (Atkinson, 2020). The goal was to provide students in junior high schools with a general introduction to the vast area of business, with the intention of creating a firm basis for well-equipped and knowledgeable practitioners who would contribute to the expansion of the economy. The Education Plan for the Nation's Schools (NPE, 2021). The term "basic education" is given its definition in Section 3, which states that "basic education should be of a period of 9 years encompassing 6 years of elementary education and 3 years of junior secondary school." It was subsequently changed in 2010 to become known as 9-3-4, which stipulates that primary education should consist of basic 1 through 9, high school should last 3 years, and tertiary school should last 4 years. The Universal Basic Education was likewise defined in this way by the statute of 2004. The term "Universal Basic Education" refers to early childhood education and education in general. The subjects of business studies are part of the foundational requirements for building a solid background in students towards a competent career in the fields of business, management, administration, arts, and social science. One of the ways in which the laudable goals of introducing Business Studies at the level of Junior Secondary School can be accomplished is through the application of instructional materials as a form of pedagogical assistance (Atkinson, 2020). In the course of the research, the use of instructional materials in the field of Business Studies was investigated, as was its effectiveness from the perspectives of both students and teachers, as well as its influence on the overall performance of students in a state like Niger, which has a large student population.

1.2       STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The vast majority of Nigeria's primary and secondary schools are not nearly as well supplied with teaching resources as they should be. Even in schools that have them, they are not being used to their full potential (Eshiwani, 2021). Higher education is likewise plagued by the same issue, and even institutions that successfully implement the use of instructional resources among their students are not adequately recognized. To put it another way, even when the instructional materials are made accessible, there is still an issue caused by the lack of institutional preparation to employ them. This demonstrates that secondary schools in Niger State do not get enough assistance for the use of instructional resources.

1.3       OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The general objective of the study is examine the use of teaching aid in teaching business studies in junior secondary schools. The following specific objective will guide the study:

i.          To examine the availability of teaching aid in  junior secondary schools.

ii.        To find out the benefit of using teaching aid teach business studies. 

iii.      To investigate the challenges that teachers in secondary schools face in accessing instructional materials.

iv.      To assess the strategies that teachers use to minimize the challenges of attaining and using quality instructional materials.

1.5       RESEARCH QUESTIONS

The following research questions were raised:

i.          Is  there an  availability of teaching aid in  junior secondary schools?

ii.        What are  the benefit of using teaching aid teach business studies? 

iii.      What are the challenges that teachers in secondary schools face in accessing instructional materials?

iv.      What are the strategies that teachers use to minimize the challenges of attaining and using quality instructional materials?

1.6       SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study will be significant to the ministry of education as it is widely known that education is the bedrock of growth and development of any nation. The goals of meeting national technological and economic needs can not be attained without a pragmatic approach to learning at the secondary school level.

The study will be of benefit to the academic community as it will contribute to the existing literature.

1.6       SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This study will examine the availability of teaching aid in  junior secondary schools. The study will also find out the benefit of using teaching aid teach business studies.  The study will further investigate the challenges that teachers in secondary schools face in accessing instructional materials. Lastly, the study will assess the strategies that teachers use to minimize the challenges of attaining and using quality instructional materials. Hence this study will be delimited to Niger state.

1.7     LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The limiting factors of this study include:

1.  Reluctance of the teaching staff to disclose area of weaknesses on the subject matter. 

2.  The unwillingness of the school administrators to make available their concern over judicious use of Instructional Materials to other subjects apart from business studies.

3.    The study relied primarily on survey research instrument as the source of getting information from the respondent.

1.8       DEFINITION OF TERMS

Teaching Aid: an object used by a teacher to enhance or enliven classroom instruction.

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