In many areas of the world, the use of information and communication technology (ICT) is becoming a fundamental aspect of education. Despite persistent limits brought on by economic obstacles, Nigeria is not falling behind as ICT steadily makes its way into educational systems. Fundamentally, education is a discipline like any other; it is an area of human knowledge that is primarily concerned with preparing society's youth for adulthood.

lassrooms, teaching methods, teacher quality, school administration, and classmates are only a few of the aspects that influence a student's academic achievement (Oluchukwu, 2000). As a result, school elements remain an important component that should be well researched and handled in order to improve students' academic achievement.

Education is regarded essential not only for individual advancement, but also for the growth of a community and a nation (Radihka, 2018). Education is one of the most important factors that not only instills critical skills, abilities, and knowledge in individuals, but also leads to individual, community, and national growth and progress. An educated individual is capable of not only achieving his or her intended goals and objectives, but also of making a valuable contribution to the community's... read more

Mathematics is a large and complex discipline with a long history (Adekoya). The Sumerians created mathematics as a formal subject of teaching and learning around 5,000 years ago. They did it at the same time as they were learning to read and write. The origins of mathematics, on the other hand, date back far more than 5,000 years. According to Olusegun (2009), mathematics is the cream of all subjects, whether in the society or human mind, because it honestly deals with concept, proof, and reaso... read more

Education is the most valuable gift a country can bestow on its population, particularly children and adolescents. This is because a nation's or community's growth is heavily reliant on the quality of its education (Titilayo, 1997). The cornerstone for real growth, it is widely accepted, must coincide with the development of human resources.

The high prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among the 15-24 year olds, and the rising number of females dropping out of school due to undesired pregnancies are all proof of this. According to a new survey produced by the CSA (Center for the Study of Adolescents), the age of sexual debut has dropped to an all-time low of between 8 and 12 years. In fact, 8 out of every 10 young people will have had a sexual debut before they turn 20.

They say that childhood should be used mostly for learning and play, with only modest household responsibilities serving as labor. They argue that even when children are not abused, their engagement in the labor reduces adult incomes and employment, and hence contributes to the poverty that forces them to work. Because virtually all working children are regarded to be at risk by definition, the only method to lessen endangerment is to eliminate child labor. The ultimate objective of action, in t... read more

Biology is a difficult topic to teach in secondary schools for a variety of reasons. The poor academic success of biology students, as shown by the WAEC and National Teachers Institute (NTI) reports, as well as the results of state common entry examinations, has sparked a public uproar about the declining caliber of biology instruction. Science disciplines are already experiencing difficulties. This is mostly in the area of laboratory and other teaching facilities being available in sufficient n... read more

In the delivery of instructions, instructional materials act as a conduit between the instructor and the pupils. They may also be used to motivate students throughout the teaching-learning process. It is used to keep kids' attention and avoid boredom. Teaching resources are very crucial, particularly for rookie instructors. In every element of teaching, teachers depend on instructional resources. They need content to provide context for the topic they are teaching. When young instructors first j... read more

Education is regarded as the cornerstone of progress in every country on the planet. It is the foundation for literacy, skill learning, technological growth, and the capacity to use the environment's natural resources for development (Adeyemi, 2012). However, in most cases, societal expectations in terms of achieving these goals are rarely met, and part of the reason is that most secondary schools in Nigeria lack adequate student personnel services and the academic environment is not conducive t... read more

The word cultism refers to a popular way of life, an attitude, or a concept, as well as a small group of individuals that practice extreme religion. The origins of covert cult activity in Nigerian higher education institutions are diabolical. When cultism was first established in the early 1980s, it was for the purpose of intellectual responsibility. These groups were initially innocuous and had excellent intentions at several colleges.

In Nigeria, rural life seems to be more uniform, homogeneous, and less complicated than urban life, with cultural variety being accused of influencing students' academic success. This is due to the fact that metropolitan regions are more preferred in terms of the distribution of social amenities such as piped water, electricity, and healthcare facilities, whilst rural areas are less favored (Chineme, 2015).

Education has a pivotal role in nation as well as individual character building. It is a life line for any society and nation. Education of a child needs multidimensional efforts. Students, teachers, institute and parents all have their importance in their process of learning. More education must start with the family. The family, as an institution, has a lot of influence on the child's progress at school as well as his academic performance.

According to the Federal Ministry of Education (2004), the population of Nigeria secondary schools stood at one hundred and eighteen thousand, two hundred (118200), while Imo state had a total of two hundred and five secondary schools (205). With a student population of 7,615 students, Owerri Municipal Council had about seven (7) secondary schools. This figure was very high when compared to that of 1999, which was inclusive according to the Federal Ministry of Education, because it was so during... read more

Gender refers to a set of physical, biological, mental, and behavioral qualities that distinguishes the male and female populations (Kolawole, 2014). The socio-cultural differences between boys and girls underline the relevance of analyzing performance in regard to gender. Some trades and professions, such as engineering, arts and crafts, agriculture, and others, have been designated as men's only, while others, such as catering, typing, and nursing, have been designated as women's only. In rea... read more

The learning possibilities supplied in schools make significant contributions to the process of educating for active and responsible citizenship. Effective teaching and learning of a topic, on the other hand, cannot be guaranteed in the absence of instructional resources such as teaching aids. Instructional materials are those that are used to improve teaching and learning. It is sometimes referred to as educational media, teaching aids, or instructional materials. The primary goal of incorporat... read more

Discipline is undoubtedly one of the most challenging and unpleasant aspects of teaching since the teacher is responsible for educating, socializing, empowering, and certifying pupils, all of which is only feasible with the support of a positive teaching environment (Fafunwa, 2009; Farrant, 2004). In terms of its origins and effects, as well as its meanings and roles in the social, psychological, and educational areas, indiscipline is a complicated issue.

Education, in its broadest meaning, covers all of the processes that people go through in their lives in order to develop and, potentially, exploit their potentials through the acquisition of knowledge, skills, talents, and attitudes required for effective societal existence (Umar, et al., 2012). In projection, it is a lifelong process that begins with birth and concludes with death, implying that education is a lifelong activity. Education is a tool for all nations' economic, political, and sci... read more

The family is the child's initial social organization. As a result, the children receive early education and socialization from their parents and other prominent family members. A family is a collection of people who are linked together by marriage, blood, or adoption to form a single home and interact and communicate with each other in their separate social roles. A child's family image will undoubtedly reflect in his or her physical, emotional, or mental health.

The majority of secondary school students in Nigeria are adolescents. This is regarded as a transformation phase between childhood and maturity. The cultural goal is the preparing of children for adult responsibilities (Larson & Wilson, 2004). According to Coleman and Roker, (1998), I It is an era of various transitions including education, training, occupation, and joblessness, as well as transitions from one living condition to another.