After –Sales service is that part of the sales person’s job, which provide or at least, offer service and information after sales has been made. On the other hand, after sales services could be defined practically as a service or help rendered to a customer when there is such a need for it or after the sale of a product or service, without price or payment in order to maintain customer satisfaction and loyalty. In personal selling it is being said that an effective sell... read more

The growing importance to satisfy perceived Nigerian sophisticated in demand for foreign goods has necessitated the application of imported restriction principles and policies by federal government in most of are economic decisions and policies. This decision among other parts recognises the importance and supremacy of local industries, indigenous to the economic independence and growth of the country’s economic development. Nobody talks about marketing without talk... read more

Sales promotion is an indirect form of marketing promotion intended to stimulate quick action. It is those promotional activities other than personal selling, advertising and publicity that stimulate consumer purchasing and dealers effectiveness such as displays, shows and exhibitions, demonstration, coupons, contests, samples, premiums, trade allowance, point of purchasing displays, price cent-off pack and dealer allowance and other known routine selling efforts that are usually of short term a... read more

In Nigeria where the importance of marketing is yet to be fully appreciated, people talk of marketing their product as if they are referring to our problem. A successful marketing operation must rest a carefully though and plan. The strategy aspect of the plan should be based on what was known of the enemy’s strength and positioning the physical characteristic of the battle ground, the financially of hostile sentiment of those who occupied the territory, and of course, the stre... read more

This study practically involves the investigation of marketing mix (product, price, promotion, place) in the accomplishment of organisational objectives. There are numerous definitions of marketing written by various marketing fanatics and practitioners around the globe. As a result, student’s lectures, and marketing practitioners believe so much on whatever tool or monographs they could lay their hands on that relates to marketing. Marketing administration itself takes a managerial ... read more

Hotel services have played a functional role in the life of our people. Hotel industry is the engine room for effective communication and all business transactions within and outside the country. Hotel Advertising has contributed a lot to boost a better image of both major and minor hotels in developed services provides meals, drinks, attraction, accommodation etc, to the general public or person on transit especially to people who are leaving their homes to other foreign lands for business ... read more

After about a decade and a half of adopting an industrialization strategy based on large-scale industries, mostly of the assembly type, which were set up, tended to be capital intensive and in appropriate, given the country resources endowment their capital equipment and techaical manpower have continued to be largely imported, As a result, the triple objective of setting up large-scale industries namely: 1. Achievement of high level employment 2. Local sourcing of raw ... read more

The mineral water industry is slightly transforming into a buyers bither hitherto to a sellers market, which it had been for a very long time. This draft may be attributed to the several new entrants into the industry. This situation had made the several industries to strive to survive and hence what? The need for effective marketing tools for survival or for attainment is the watchword of every business organization, therefore organizations always work very hard towards the attainment of t... read more

This study practically involves the investigation of marketing mix (product, price, promotion, place) in the accomplishment of organisational objectives. There are numerous definitions of marketing written by various marketing fanatics and practitioners around the globe. As a result, student’s lectures, and marketing practitioners believe so much on whatever tool or monographs they could lay their hands on that relates to marketing.

In the earlier days the partner of salesmanship was cried because of the gap between productive and consumption sectors of the society was small and manageable. However in retrospect of the country economic history reviewd that there were companies in the early 1960s and 1970s that actually made aggressive trust into Nigeria market and as much there pioneer producer, in cause of this producers were mainly concerned with the development of a good product and services to satisfy the... read more

The Catholic Church is not left out in this drive; she has embraced the whole teachings of Christ for marketing all over the religious, economic, social, political and even cultural teachings is in the market. In the Mystic Corporis Pope Pius XII Encyclical 1943 descripted the true Church of Christ as the holy catholic, Apostolic, Roman Church. And St. Paul in one of his teaching says that believer (Church) is the body of Christ and that Christ is the Head of the body, therefore h... read more

In our economy today, wants satisfaction has generally replaced the necessity of fulfilling only basic physiological needs. This however has exposed Nigerian consumers who by virtue of circumstances, education and awareness are becoming enlightened as the day go by to numerous influences and factors which propel them to accept a product or develop a brand loyalty. Consumer’s attitude towards a product according to Kotler and Armstrong (2008:143) is being shaped and influenced by psychological... read more

The starting point of marketing is the existence of human need and wants. Therefore the study and responsibility of marketing is to satisfy these needs and wants to the mutual benefits of all engage in marketing relationship. (Adrika E.O, Ebue and Nndim, 1997 p.4). the fact that man has needs and ants and there are products capable of satisfying them is necessary but not sufficient to define marketing. Marketing exist when man decides to satisfy his need and wants in a way that we shall call ex... read more

During the pre-and post-independence period Nigerian market were flooded with foreign goods including cosmetics, There was a greater enthusiasm for specialization in importation for sale rather than in local production sale. The scramble for the importation of ready- make –goods into the country for sale was so great that people gave little attention to local production of even simple goods that were not otherwise very difficult of produce. Nigeria suddenly became a market for all sorts of ... read more

A product has been defined by the American marketing association as any thing that can be officered to a market for attention, acquisition or consumption including physical objects, services, personalities, organization and desires. A product as defined by stanchion in fundamentals of marketing. A product is a set of tangible and intangible attributes that leads to customer satisfaction. product planning embraces all the activities that enables a company to determine what product t will marke... read more

According to Crosby (1979) “quality is conformance to requirement and those requirement must be defined in measurable and clearly stated terms.” Quality is one of the goals or objectives organization seek to achieve. But often times this gal is not achieved due to some problems in the firms. The quality of any firms products or services, determines its position in the market. Its success to a larger extent depends. This is quality of goods or services it produces and sells to consumer... read more

The purpose of promotion is not to recover cost but to capture the value of the product in the minds of the customers. Promotion consist of co-coordinated sellers-initiated effort to establish channels of information and persuasion to forecaster the sales of goods and services. Promotion means every means of communication a product or service to the buyer or final consumer. It should be recalled that each of the marketing mix communicating means proper integration of the marketing mix variab... read more

One of the element of marketing mix strategy is promotion included also are price, product, and place. If the target public are not adequately communicated or not good knowledge about product/service, the marketing mix strategy exercise will fail organization firms need to use promotion to convey or create awareness about their product to the target audience. However promotion is a popular variable through which an organization/ firm conveys or send message about their company and pro... read more

The subject matter of this research work s the “ marketing of hotel service in Warri metropolis” address the topic it is of importance to know what is meant by marketing service and hotel. According to Kotler (1991 P.10), Marketing is defined as a social and managerial process by which individuals and groups obtained what they need and want through creating, offering and exchanging products of value with others. According to William J. Stabtib (1981 P3) Marketing is a tr... read more

Promotional mix variables differ in effectiveness in generating consumer interest and influencing purchase decision. In this study, an attempt is made to evaluate the effectiveness of advertising, one of the promotional mix element used by NASCO group of companies, Jos. Current, NASCO household products are market leaders in most part of the country . this study reveals the extent to which advertising is considered a central in delivering the company’s corporate objectives. The population... read more