CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION The central bank’s responsibility for the management of the nation’s external debt started at the inception of the bank itself in July 1959 when it took off Nigerian’s share of the sterling assets of the nations external reserves in the bank in 1962. The responsibility was enlarged through it’s two comes prudent banks the bank of England and the federal reserves bank of new York. The bank invested the external reserves largely in sterling and in dollar sec... read more

Bank’s managements are saddled with the responsibility of preparing the accounts and financial statements of a bank. An Audit is expected to be carried out annually to ensure that the statements of accounts that have been prepared and presented as required by law. (CAMA 1990) According to Webster’s English Dictionary, an Audit is “an examination intended to serve as a basis for an expression of opinion regarding the fairness, consistency, and conformity with accepted accounting principl... read more

The role of customers in services is always emphasized in the marketing literature, especially in the recent development of a new perspective, namely service-dominant logic. Service convenience is acknowledged to be increasingly important to customers:yet extant convenience literature offers little explicit discussion of this topic. Consumer convenience in buying and using services isnot well understood. Convenience is the ability to reduce consumers non-monetary costs (i.e. time, energy and ... read more

The interest in management education is evident in all sectors of the economy. It will not be long before attendance at one of the short management courses becomes essential for upward mobility into and within the level of management. This would almost overstretch the resources of the institutions. The reaches seeks to explore the impact of training and development on staff efficiency in first bank Nigeria plc with the hope that in near future Nigeria banks would becomes efficient in manageme... read more

Central bank of Nigeria is the apex financial institution in Nigeria charged with the responsibility of maintaining fiscal and monetary. Stability in the economy. The CBN has its headquarters in Abuja (F.C.T) with some zonal offices in Lagos, Kaduna, Enugu and Ibadan. It is located in Enugu zone at Opara Avenue. In this study, the researcher’s mind it to know the impacts of the B25billion re-capitalization by the CBN on the commercial banks in Enugu state off Nigeria, also banks nation-wide... read more

Realizing a good quality product in the market (whether it is a physical or service product) gives benefits to both organization as well as their customers. “Quality means a process through which a business seeks to ensure that product or service quality is maintained or improved and errors are reduced or eliminated. Quality requires the business to create an environment in which both management and employees strive for perfection. This is done by training personnel, creating benchmarks for qu... read more

Monetary policy is a programme of action undertake by the monetary authorities, generally the central bank, to control and regulate the demand for and supply of money with the public and the public and the flow of credit with view to achieving predetermined macroeconomic goals Currently, monetary policy has been taken to be a very vital measure in controlling the Nigeria economy this is one of the principal functions of the central bank of Nigeria (CBN). The CBN caries out this responsibility... read more

American marketing association approved an expanded definition of marketing in 1987, the previous definition – the systematic gathering, recording and analyzing of data had been criticized because it reviewed marketing research activities too narrowly. The new definition state marketing research is the function which links the customer and the public to the marketing opportunities and problems generate, refine and evaluate marketing action, monitor marketing performances and improve underst... read more

One of the most prominent issues in the corporate and financial world today is the issue of leasing (Abashiya, 2005). In the developed countries, it is almost an integral part of the overall financial system and often advocated as the least expensive and most advantageous form of funding (Afzal, 2003). As (Olusoga, 2003) indicates, the most generally accepted method of financing capital investment throughout the world is equipment lease financing option. In Nigeria, although lease volume remain... read more

Banking business in Nigeria dated back to 1982 with the commencement of Africa Banking Operation and since then the number of banks has increased with the banking industry. This, the struggle to gain customers among these banks because intensive as they introduced different schemes to alters customers. Banking is a sector that has product delivery mostly in the developed predominantly in less than a decade. This was introduced by the new generation banks on realizing error of the old banks... read more

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as a concept entails the practice whereby corporate entities voluntarily integrate both social and environment upliftment in their business philosophy and operations. A business enterprise is primarily established to create value by producing goods and services which society demands. The notion of Corporate Society Responsibility (CSR) is one of ethical and moral issues surrounding corporate decision making and behaviour, thus weather a company should undert... read more

The objective of this research work shows how the banking services increases customer satisfaction and also boost their patronage with particular reference to FIRST BANK OF NIGERIA PLC. However, it is used to measured the level of customer satisfaction and services rendered in the banking industry in Nigeria. As a matter of fact, many banks subscribed to the high customer satisfaction will leads to greater customer loyalty which in turn, leads to both present and future revenue. For that purp... read more

Small and Medium enterprises are the catalyst for economic growth in most economies thus, the fundamental objective of this study is to investigate the impact of loans on Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria. So that the ability of SMEs to develop positively and drive economic growth in the Nigeria will become real. Simple random sampling technique was employed in selecting the 100 SMEs that constituted the sample size of the research. Structured questionnaire was designed to facilitat... read more

In mobilizing savings and allocating scarce resources between competing ends, commercial banks and other financial institutions occupy a very important position in the Nigerian economy: In contemporary Nigeria, banking is one industry which has witnessed unprecedented upsurge in activities as a result of reforms in the economy by the federal government. In the past years, there were about 89 banks with 3,389 branches located in both rural and urban centres ... read more

It has become necessary to take a cursory look at the concept of debts, its ramification and problems associated with management. The issue of problem associated with loans advance management prompts the this central bank of Nigeria (CBN) to reduce the guidelines in a circular entitled “prudential guidelines for licensed Banks” the main purpose of this, is to ensure that the financial guideline ensure conformity with stand to facilitate comparison across banks. The true financ... read more

Monetary polices in Nigeria and the United Kingdom, the central bank of Nigeria and the bank of England act as advisers to the government over monetary polices. The authorities take the final decision on the matters. In Germany, the contrast in the case because the German central, the bunds bank of Germany has a constitutional independency in setting the monetary polices. The central bank of Nigeria lender the federal ministry of finance (FMF), we have the central bank of Nigeria and this is ... read more

Today’s business environment is extremely dynamic in nature. It has experienced rapid changes as a result of technological improvements, increased awareness and demands for banks services. The Banking industry of the 21st century operates in a complex and competitive environment characterized by these changing conditions and highly unpredictable economic climate, thus, information and communication technology (ICT) is at the centre of this global change. Amedu (2005) asserts that banks over t... read more

Given the magnitude of economic problems that confronts Nigeria especially since the early 1980s such a stagement growth, rising inflation, unemployment, food shortage and mounting external debt the necessity for economic reforms become paramount. It was considered that failure to initiate reforms which would seriously jeopardize the long term growth and development prospects of the Nigeria economic. This step was the major policy moved by government in soothing the poor economic situation which... read more

Globalization is a Universal phenomenon. Globalization has brought a lot of changes to financial industries in the global community and there is an increase in profit on economy through Information Technology (IT) There is no doubt; the introduction of Automated Teller Machine (ATM) has changed the face of electron payment in Nigeria. "An Automated Teller Machine (ATM) is a computerized telecommunication device that provides the clients of any financial institution an access to any financi... read more

Technology in our environment coupled with competition within a particular industry or in the society amount to the training and development. This is as a result of the need to match changes in structure polices, technology process and procedures with the need performance attitude and behaviours to enhance productivity of a given bank. The need for training became an essential ingredient in the match to civilization. Training is the process of exposing an individual in a systematic way to a seri... read more