The Commercial Bank System shares a very important characteristic with other members of the financial sector and the rest of the business community; the desire to maximize profits and expand its share of the market. Commercial banks are profit-making enterprises and as such they share with other businesses the same set of expectations concerning the health of the economy. Banks act as financial intermediaries collecting deposits from one group and lending it out to another group. In this rol... read more

The name Bank is derived from the Italian word banco “desk/bench” used during the Renaissance by Florentine bankers, who used to make this transaction above a desk covered by a green tablecloth. However there are traces of banking activity even in ancient time. In fact, the word traces its origins back to the ancient Roman Empire, where money lenders would set up their stalls in the middle of enclosed courtyards called Macella on a long bench called Bancu, from which the word Banco and ba... read more

Internet banking is one of the gifts to human beings by computer technology. Use of computers have automated banking process and thus has given birth to internet. Internet is a fast spreading service that allows customers to use computer to access account-specific information and possibly conduct transactions from a remote location - such as at home or at the workplace. ATM cards, credit cards ,debit cards, smart cards ,all these have eased human life up to such an extent that today life without... read more

A robust economic growth cannot be achieved without putting in place well focused programme to reduce poverty through empowering the people by increasing their access to factors of production. The latent capacity of the poor for entrepreneurship would be significantly enhanced through the provision of microfinance services to enable them engage in economic activities and be more self-reliant, increase employment opportunities, enhance household income and create wealth. Micro-financing has ex... read more

Nigeria’s political and business terrain between 1983 and 1989 was one of biting economics hardship, great uncertainties and instability. Banks and other financial institutions were doing well especially through exploitation of fore allocation formula up to 1990 to survive or grow through huge profits which critics termed “paper profit” as time went by when the ruler changed in 1990, following CBN prudential guideline and the federal governments banks and other financial institutional d... read more

Credit management and issues of bad debts in commercial banks in Nigeria has been a topic of constant debate among economists and policy makers. The need and criteria for lending have been extensively discussed in the literature review. The Webster Dictionary of Banking (1987) defined bank credit as the process or ability to borrow money with a collateral with the promise of paying on an agreed date. The prudential guidelines (1990) succinctly convey a more comprehensive definition of credi... read more

It’s necessary to review the need for marketing research in an industry. However, it does not have to be that way, but because many companies and even industries have failed to take marketing research important in product development. Marketing managers and other professionals are now relying more on marketing research in product development to make better decision clearly, marketing research is vital to marketing decision making. Robert Ferber asserted that “before the product is produced,... read more

Governments, donors and NGOs have over the years initiated and implemented programmes aimed at empowering women economically and socially. Despite these efforts some challenges still remain. Microfinance as tool for women empowerment has become the main subject of many global and regional conferences, seminars and workshops. This study therefore examined the contribution of microfinance to the socio-economic empowerment of women in Nigeria by using Nsehe Micro Finance microfinance programme as a... read more

The history of bank failure in Nigeria can be traced back to the early thirty’s when the industrial and Commercial Bank Limited which was established in 1929 and went into liquidation within a year it stored operation as a result of its generosity and liberty I extension of credit facilities especially to “managing directors” Ugwuanyi Willy (1977) pg. 33. A series of failure followed after the first in degree bank failed in 1930. These failure were attributed tot he poor banking habit ... read more

Nigerian banks in the face of increasing competition are currently facing enormous challenges which have made survival increasingly difficult. To survive and be successful providers of financial services, it is extremely important that the present environment should go with a new management order which will offer the customer satisfaction and make better business performance. It is evident that today customers have increasingly become so enlightened and aware of their importance that ignoring th... read more

1.0 INTRODUCTION Banking service when introduced in our rural areas will bring development or specifically economic development to the doorstep of every citizen in this country since between 70 – 80 percent of Nigerians lives in the rural area. Every Nigeria want to go to the urban area because of availability of infrastructural amenities like electricity, good roads, pipe borne water, civilized market operation, job opportunities and so on. If these social amenities continue to exist i... read more

1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY In today’s business world, most organizations maintain a corporate code of conduct. It’s a statement of an organizations value, and includes standards for employee behaviours that align with these values. Developing a code of conduct helps an organization define how it operates, how it integrates it core value into everyday business operations and how it relates to key stakeholders (George B. Breen and Amg F. Lerman, 2011). There is no gain-saying the fact ... read more

The name Bank is derived from the Italian word banco “desk/bench” used during the Renaissance by Florentine bankers, who used to make this transaction above a desk covered by a green tablecloth. However there are traces of banking activity even in ancient time. In fact, the word traces its origins back to the ancient Roman Empire, where money lenders would set up their stalls in the middle of enclosed courtyards called Macella on a long bench called Bancu, from which the word Banco a... read more

This capitalization of the firm would therefore incorporate both internally generated founds and external found which comprises loons both short terms and long terms and bonds. Financial leverage, the subject matter of this study, has to do with the use of external, founds in generating profit for the firm which is primarily the maximization of shareholders wealth and welfare. Leverage invalids the use of external financing to act as qa higher than could be reached without its use. Usually, t... read more

1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY A farmer, who plants corps, expects result, similarly to student who sits for examination expects results. The same 5 also true of an investor. For the farmer, the result might be communicated to him in the form of a bumper harvest. It result sheet or a report card would usually sufficed for a student. However, in the of an investor, the result is communicated through the financial reports. Financial reports are law to be prepared by every limited... read more

Electronic banking have long been recognized to play an important role in economic development on the basis of their ability to create liquidity in the economy through financial intermediation between savers and borrowers. It also offers financial services and products that accelerate settlement of transactions and in the process reduce cash intensity in the financial system, encourage banking culture, and catalyses economic growth. However, for the effective functioning of the financial syst... read more

In Nigeria, the banking industry witnessed lots of challenges due to increase in the awareness and utilization of banking services. The demand for bank services equally increased the staff strength and branches of most Nigerian banks. In spite of this these adjustments the banks cannot satisfy the demands of some of their transactions were based on manual and physical present of their customers. Modern Internet banking brought to relief to the increased volume and complexity of banking operat... read more

INTRODUCTION The importance of capital as a necessity though not sufficient condition for economic growth is recognized in development economy where it is believed that the position of adequate financial resources is a pre-requisite for industrial transformation. Experiences in some countries notably Japan, India and Germany have shown that banks if sufficiently in their respective countries could serve as an engine of growth to greatly assist the promotion of rapid economic transformatio... read more

The origin of banking in Nigeria date back to the days of goldsmith in Venice and up till today personal services is still the main of banks output for her customers. Services is the central banks motto in the distribution of its various production packages and marketing strategy implementation. It is also the bulwark of the industry in the fact of stringent government guideline and harsh monetary or fiscal policies. This is the view by Oguntade Adekunle M, In business times issue at February... read more

Agriculture is defined as “the cultivation of land for the purpose of producing food for man, feed for animal and fibre or raw material for industrial companies. It also includes the processing marketing of crops. In other words, it embraces all activities involved in the primary and controlled production of plant and animals, such as fishing, forestry, farming, livestock, poultry and small scale industries connected with processing of agricultural products. The agricultural sector forms ... read more