1.0 INTRODUCTION: 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY: Bank lending is concerned with provision of funds for needy customers as loans from the savings of the fund surplus units paid into the bank. Due to the established fact that the saved fund is at the disposal of the bank for specified period, the bank can thus provide these funds to their customers who may have greater use for these funds at the time. The reason behind bank lending is the need to attain some economic growth through lending... read more

The banking decree of 1969 in defining the banking business incorporated all the functions of the institutions. However, in terms of what services banks offer to the public, three stand out distinctly deposit and payment mechanism, finance and credit and money creation. The role the banks play by facilitating payments for goods and services without the need to hold hand to hand currency cannot be overemphasized. By the use of the deposit and payment by cheques the settlement of debts by mea... read more

Agriculture has been the main stay of Nigerian economy before the Nigeria independence until the era of oil boom. Statistics show that in 1963/64 agriculture provided about 50% of the Gross National Product (GNP) and 88% of the country’s basic foreign exchange earner of crops like palm oil, palm kernels, cocoa, cotton, groundnut, cereal, woods as raw material for their industries. Although after independence a gradual drift in cities in search of white-collar jobs began and this handicappe... read more

CHAPTER ONE 1.1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION Loan syndication is an inter-bank relationship and facilities in carrying on a common interest in financing a project. Where client borrowing requirement are extremely large and the risk also very light that it exceed the capacity of one banks, as it is often the case with major industrial, commercial, or agricultural undertakings. One bank arranges in close association with the customer syndicate facilities by grouping a consortium of banks to me... read more

INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Even since the inception of the first three successful indigenous banks in Nigeria, the National Bank of Nigeria established on February 11th 1933, the Agbommagbe Bank (now wema Bank Nig Plc) in 1945, The African continental Bank Plc in 1947 and others subsequently established in the country during the period from 1952 when the first banking ordinance was enacted to regulate and control the activities of commercial banks in the country till pres... read more

A country wealth development and advancement by its level of industrialization, a country becomes famous among other countries of the world when it has been able to attain to a remarkable degree in industrialization. In view of the above we have deemed it necessary to embark on a research project on “Banks participation in industrial development of Nigeria. This is an attempt and effort to draw the mind of every Nigeria to ask himself certain silent questions like. 1.2 STATEMENT OF P... read more

The research was based on the topic “mobilizing Domestics savings for economic growth and development in the banking industry. (A case study of Union Bank of Nig PLC 1999 – 2000. In carrying out this research, I examined thoroughly. The various factors, which militates severely against the effective and efficient mobilization of domestic savings these factors were identified to range from the level of income earned of the saver. The interest rate that the bank pays on depots of customers, to... read more

The topic “Evaluating the Impact of Bank Distress on the profit Growth of Commercial Bank, (A case study of selected Commercial banks) The Topic “Evaluating the impact of Bank Distress on the Profit Growth of Commercial Banks” is posed to appraise the effect of distress on the profit growth of commercial banks. It measures the way in which distress affects the profit of commercial banks negatively or otherwise. For effective execution of this work a ten year profit trend of some sel... read more

This research is a study aimed at finding the main causes of customers of commercial banks to be prompt wherever they are in their current or saving accounts or withdrawing cash from their savings account balances or cash cheque in their current account balance. Consequent upon this, it will determine the impact balance of the organizational structure of commercial banks on efficient customer services. In other words, this pieces of research work goes to determine whether the organization... read more

INTRODUCTION 1.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Before the introduction of the prudential guidelines, according to CBN circular (1990) some banks were used to declaring huge but unrealized profit, otherwise referred to as “paper profit”. The following problems will be investigated in this study: (a) Did profit figures of the selected commercial banks decrease significantly post prudential guidelines? (b) Did provision for bad and doubtful debts increase significantly under prudenti... read more

In a modern Economy there is distinction between the surplus economic unit and the deficit in consequences a separation of the saving investment mechanism. This has necessitated the existence of financial institution whose job includes the transfer of fund from sales to investors. One such institution is the commercial bank. The intermediating roles of the banks places them in a position of trustees of the saving of the widely dispersed surplus economic unit as well the determinant of the rate ... read more

INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Product management embraces the task of adjusting the product throughout its life to match the ever-changing demands of the market place. Too many organizations make the mistake of thinking that consumers fed and act as they do ad share their wants. The job of managing a product, then is one of constantly monitoring the market and adjusting the products to meet the markets needs and wants. The better the product matches the needs of its marke... read more

It is universally acknowledged that the banking including play a catalytic role in t he process of economic growth and development. This acknowledgement is reinforced by contemporary conceptualism to the effect that banks are a veritable vehicle for mobilizing resources from su7plus units and tempting same to deficit unit. Banks constitute perhaps the most important segment of the financial market and played and a dominate vote in not mobilizing savings, but also allocating them for investment ... read more

The advent of financial innovation such as smart card, credit card, electronic transfers in the payment system and recently the lunching of internet banking have transformed the world into a global village linked with electronic impulses. The concept of electronic money in Nigeria was introduced in 1990 when the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) gave approval to them. All state Trust Bank limited to offer a financial product known as smart card. Subsequently, Diamond Bank play card. However, the sma... read more

Ordinarily, an auditor is one to whom the receipt and payment of an organization were read, as is simplified in the Latin verb audira, to hear. This is so because in the ancient time account and records of business, estate, trust and farms were checked by their owners by their being called out by those who compiles them. Auditing however, as it is known today is an independent examination of the financial record and statement of business organization non-profit making bodies, government parasat... read more

Today’s business environment is very dynamic and under goes rapid changes as a result of technological innovation, increased awareness and demands from customers. Business organization especially the banking industry of the 21st century operators in a complex and competitive environment characterized by these changing conditions and highly unpredictable economic climate information and Communication Technology (ICT) is at the centre of this changes curve. Laudon and Laudon, (1991) ... read more

The function of the state government in recent times include the provision of amenities infrastructures which are capital intensive in nature over the years most state government especially in the developing countries have been carrying out such functions with finds from external sources as loans, grants and development assistance or aids. These sources have often been complemented with domestic resources as statutory allocations from the federation accounts, internally, generated finds and dom... read more

The issue of fraud, money laundering, and other unethical activities in commercial and government organizations has necessitated the employment of forensic or investigative accounting procedures, as well as their application. Investigative accounting, sometimes known as forensic accounting, is a branch of accounting that focuses on recovering ill-gotten earnings from crimes such as fraud, money laundering, and other types of financial impropriety that may occur inside a business. When fraud is s... read more

A major development issue facing many developing countries has been the need to reduce the scale and depth of poverty among the growing population. Chandy and Gerts (2011) estimate that there were about 878.2 million people living below the poverty line in the year 2010. Of this number over 700 million live in rural areas. African has 369.9 million population or proportion of poor people the elimination and reduction of poverty is a key concern of development thinkers and practitioner (Coyle, 20... read more

A closer look at institutions in our society shows that a lot of businesses are folding up due to fraudulent acts. Both the management and the employees indulge in activities that can bring down an institution, and ignorance of the roles of an internal auditor is also a problem. Auditors give a fair account of the financial statement of an institution as put together by both the management and employees. Internal control is of much importance in achieving a company’s goals and objectives. I... read more