A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES IN PRIVATE AND PUBLIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Education may be viewed as a long-term life process that begins at birth and continues until death; this definition says that education begins when a kid is born and continues until death. Adeyinka (1971) describes education as the process of passing a society's culture from one generation to the next, in which the senior members of a community raise the younger members. Furthermore, the UNESCO International Standard Classification of Education describes education as "structured and standard communication meant to promote learning." Surprisingly, the existence of all school amenities allows students to study more successfully and work more energetically in a comfortable environment. The aspects that play a vital influence in the improvement of students' learning accomplishments include facilities. All educational facilities must be provided in order for students' learning to be tangible, better, and based on real-world experiences.

According to Adetoro (1995), educational facilities are also facilities or resources that are utilized to carry out any activity or achieve work. According to Ndagi (1995), educational facilities are the whole input into the education system. They are the items that are utilized directly or indirectly to assist, facilitate, influence, and encourage the mission and knowledge acquisition. Adolade (1986) defines educational facilities as media-based instructional resources, tools, or equipment that enhance learning in the classroom. The term "facilities" refers to instructional resources such as items, things, or instruments of analysis (concrete or non-concrete), as well as the instructors' building, that are used as aids to learning the information being taught.

Educational facilities are utilized to enhance successful teaching and learning. There is a requirement for adequate educational facilities in such private and public primary schools for the efficient operation of any educational system. Private primary schools' educational facilities should not be confined to a single topic; they should cover all areas of subject and instruction, whereas public primary schools' educational facilities should not be limited to a single subject. As a result, whether a school is public or private, educational facilities are the only means of learning in elementary school. Educational facilities aid the school in meeting its aims and objectives. It facilitates successful learning in the classroom. Educational facilities make it simpler for teachers to educate.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Learning environment is very critical  when education  of a child is involved.  this is because  effective learning cannot occur in the absence of a proper and healthy environment. Thus  Bruce ((2006) has correctly identified the learning environment as a third instructor. Unfortunately, the primary education system in Nigeria has been deprived of fundamental requirements such as a lack of basic infrastructure, overcrowded classrooms, a shortage of furniture, washrooms, drinking water, and other necessities for obtaining education. The root driver of this predicament is a lack of educational funding from the government. Due to a lack of money, the quality of public schools in rural communities is deteriorating. In comparison to private schools, public primary schools do not have adequate facilities capable of encouraging schooling which make parent to prefer sending their children to private owned schools . According to Oscar (2019), public schools lack basic amenities, particularly in remote areas where there are no sitting arrangements since one-third of schools have just one or two classrooms. Because it is a crucial scenario, pupils' morale suffers and their learning interest suffers. Samuel (2020), on the other hand, believes that the condition of private schools is very different since kids are provided with their fundamental necessities, which develops good attitudes toward studying by catering to students' interests beyond essential abilities. It also aids in maximizing students' individual successes and providing an environment and processes inside the school that aids pupils in achieving other goals.

Although several studies has been carried out on educational facilities in public and private schools differently, but little or no attention has been paid to comparative analysis of the two setting. Therefor,against this backdrop that this study seeks to present a comparative analysis of educational facilities in private and public primary schools.

1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The broad objective of this study is to present comparative analysis of educational facilities in private and public primary schools. Other specific objectives includes:

1.        To determine whether there is any significant difference in the level educational facilitates in private and public school?

2.        To ascertain if the discrepancies in the availability of school facilitate affect parents choice of school for their children.

3.        To identify the impact of poor availability of school facilities on the pupils learning outcome.

4.        To establish whether educational facilities had an impact on pupils academic achievement.

1.3  RESEARCH QUESTIONS

The study is guided by the following  constructed derived in line with the research objective:

1.        Are there any significant difference in the level educational facilitates in private and public school?

2.        Does  the discrepancies in the availability of school facilitates affect parents choice of school for their children.

3.        What is the impact of poor availability of school facilities on the pupils learning outcome?

4.        Does educational facilities have any significant  impact on pupils academic achievement?

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study which is a survey of educational facilities in private and public primary schools will be useful for future government, the pupils and the country. The study also examines the contributions of educational facilities towards the contemporary education process and the development that has taken place towards accomplishing educational goals. The study is expected to be beneficial to both private and public primary schools teachers in the sense that they should be aware of the advantages and effectiveness of the educational facilities in teaching and learning process.. The study will help parents to determine better education for their children and enables the government to know their responsibilities over private and public primary schools on improvement of educational facilities.

1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of this study boarder on a comparative analysis of educational facilities in private and public primary schools. The study will further discuss  whether there is any significant difference in the level educational facilitates in private and public school. It will identify the impact of poor availability of school facilities on the pupils learning outcome and establish whether educational facilities had an impact on pupils academic achievement. The study is however delimited to primary schools in Dekina Local Government in Kogi State.

1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

Like in every human endeavour, the researchers encountered slight constraints while carrying out the study. The significant constraint was the scanty literature on the subject owing that it is a new discourse thus the researcher incurred more financial expenses and much time was required in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature, or information and in the process of data collection, which is why the researcher resorted to a limited choice of sample size covering only selected   primary schools in Dekina Local Government in Kogi State. Thus findings of this study cannot be used for generalization for other primary schools in other  states within Nigeria. Additionally, the researcher will simultaneously engage in this study with other academic work will impede maximum devotion to the research. Howbeit, despite the constraint  encountered during the  research, all factors were downplayed in other to give the best and make the research successful.

1.8       DEFINITION OF TERMS

EDUCATION:  Is a life long process which starts from cradle to grave

EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES: These are the materials used in public and private primary school to facilitate for effective teaching and learning.

PRIVATE SCHOOLS:  These are schools owned by  individual

PUBLIC SCHOOLS: These are schools owned by the government.

PRIMARY SCHOOL: This is the elementary  level of education where a school for children between the ages of about five and eleven are taught.

TEACHER:  This is a person who impacts knowledge, skill to less experience person.

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