In Nigeria and particularly in Zaria city of Kaduna state, open dumping is still the most common household waste disposal method/practice. This type of practice is un hygienic and environmentally unfriendly. This research is aimed at effective household waste management practices in the study area. The research found that there are some other types of management or disposal method in practice in the study area, these include the use of packing and burning, dumping in pits outside the house and d... read more

The world at large has in the recent past developed great concern over environmental issues such as global warming and its effect; flood which constitute a great problem to man, is both human-induced (anthropogenic) and natural disasters. Global warming is as a result of human activities such as deforestation, the release of carbon monoxide into the atmosphere in various ways and thereby creating hole in the ozone layer. The Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC, 2007), fourth assessm... read more

The prevalent use of advisory systems in diverse business is boosting the productivity of such businesses endeavors. The advisory systems guide the users on the optimal steps to accomplish a task so as to have an optimal result. This is achieved through the use of some sort of smart algorithm (either an optimization algorithm or a knowledge-based expert system) to evaluate the parameters and generate a suggested plan of action for human operators to implement or it is automatically implemented... read more

In the past, ability test were used in admitting pupil into the university level, for instance, the scholastic aptitude test, which measures both aptitude and achievement, (the aptitude test measures accomplished skills and indicate what a person can do at present, while the achievement test predicts what a person can accomplished with training.) But the essential requirement for any test include reliability, validity and uniform testing procedures. The test which measures intelli... read more

The noble goal of the prisons services is to reform those who pass through the prison gates and also to protect the society from the convicted felons. It also serves to keep in safe custody persons legally sentenced to jail and identify the cause of inherent anti social behavior and treat and reform them to become law-abiding citizens. The prison also has the responsibilities to train inmates in trades that will make them useful to themselves and the society at large. (prisons lecture manual 200... read more

The success of any firm largely depends on customers patronage, for any firm to push its products to the consumers effectively, there is the need to carryout promotional campaigns to communicate with the ultimate consumers without promotion, customers may not be aware of the existence of the particular product, hence patronage may remain very low. Many promotional tools are used to communicate with the consumers but sales promotion tends to be the most effective of all due to the extra incentive... read more

While governments, not-for-profit institutions, and non-governmental organisations also deliver critical services, private organisations must continuously deliver products and services to satisfy shareholders and to survive. Although they differ in goals and functions, business continuity planning (BCP) can be applied by all governments. Elliot et al (1999) defines business continuity planning as identifying an organisation’s exposure to internal and external threats and synthesizes ha... read more

Computerized kids learning software is an excellent Software program developed for Ahmadu Bello University (ABU) staff school for Kids to learn alphabetical Words. Oral pronunciation of the letters is a Graphical tutor for teaching young children how to pronounce each of the letters. This software was developed mainly to help young babies to learn alphabet pronunciation, to imitate the computer sound when it speaks and also they see the pictures of what each letters represents. Babies and toddl... read more

The term digital is derived from the way computer performs operations by counting digital. For many years, applications of digital electronics were confined to computer systems. Today, digital technology is applied in a wide range of areas in addition to computers. This project introduces you to digital manipulations and provides a broad overview of many important concepts. The practical aspect of digital fundamentals was the main reason why a software application has been developed. Digital el... read more

Promotional strategies are one of the most important ingredients, which enhance growth, development, and survival of any organization. Therefore, for any business enterprise to succeed in the market there is the need for it to always device new promotional techniques to meet the challenges of times. One of the biggest challenges facing services industries such as bank today is how to maintain their market share in today’s largely dynamic and competitive environment.

This research studied the uses of internet services in radio journalism at Kaduna State Media Corporation. Self – report survey was adopted for the study and a total of 158 respondents were purposively sampled. Data generated came from interviews and questionnaires administration. Relevant literature reveals that internet use among journalists is very effective in assisting the journalists for their job.

The problem of every hospital when the targeted objective is not achieved is that there is something wring either with health care givers, the patients or the general public. In order to improve the standard of health of the patients and keep them progressively fit. The reason why such lapse are present here to be sought and the remedy met in order to achieve the set objective of the hospital. This study is based on the Attitude of nurses towards Relapse prevention among psychiatric patients ... read more

In both cities and rural area, young people and adults can be seen who have unsound minds. They wander about, sometimes begging for food or money. As they talk to themselves or to others, it can be noticed that they are mentally ill. In the neighbour hood where they live, those who now them well can trace their problems back to excessive drinking of alcoholic beverages, smoking and or use of drugs such as marijuana.

Quite a number of things are fanciful to human being; wealth, prestige, power, good health and host of others. However, all these things make more meaning only when shared with others. Therefore, friends are “sine qua non” to human existence. It is on this ground that Aristotle would say, “for man is a social being, and designed by nature to live with others”.1 Every human being needs the other to live a fulfilled life. No man is an Island. No man can boast of living well in a place alon... read more

The problem to be treated is about moral decision-making. How is one to act when faced with a moral decisive situation? Life presents us with situations where decisions are not so clear-cut. Saying yes to one perceived good often means saying no to another. The question “what ought I to do” in a given situation raises conflict for us. Making decisions is a part of man’s life. Man tries to make the right decisions always because a wrong decision taken can be detrimental to both an individua... read more

Machiavelli has gained the world popularity because of the way he conceived and understood politics. Today “Machiavellism” is used to describe a political situation characterized by tyranny, despotism, deception and violence. This is because of Machiavelli’s approach and guidelines towards achieving stability in the state. Machiavelli crafts a perspective that aligns politics with warfare, and justifies the deployment of force, the exercise of cruelties, the practice of deceit and the mani... read more

There are two good things in life: freedom of thought and freedom of action[1]. In the whole world man is the only being that is condemned by its nature to be free as well as to be religious. So by nature man is endowed with the power of the will just as he is equally endowed with religious tendency. Freewill in the simplest term means the freedom to make choice. Moreover, man in his own very nature cannot extricate himself from the bondage of making choice. In the same vein man is equal... read more

This thesis springs from a genuine sense of patriotism to fashion a way forward for my beloved country. It is rather remarkable at this time there seem to be little incentive for patriotic concerns since the state had neglected to play its part on the unwritten social contract with its citizens. Achebe captures the scene very aptly, “when two Nigerians meet, their conversation will sooner or later slide into a litany of our national deficiencies.”[1]

Majority of the humans in the world are born into one religion or the other.[1] The environment in which we live is densely religious. As a result, one starts to hear, see and touch things about God very early in life. In the market, on the road, even in drinking houses you see and hear people talk about God. Even when you are in your house a loud speaker is at your window telling you about God.

There seems to be universal law of preservation and conservation in nature. Rock, seas, minerals, plants, animals and man; all endure because of this universal law of nature. For instance, animals of both higher and lower species that breach this natural law risk extinction, as the other animals will prey on them. Hence, all species, genus, genders, classes and families preserve their own. In man (the higher animal), this law is particularly fundamental because it is tied to the conservation... read more