FEMALE INVOLVEMENT IN SPORTING  ACTIVITIES IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY

Because there is a variance in the function of sports participation and the realization of its advantages, the role of sport has always been acknowledged. The general public's perception of sport's function has been good, and it is seen as a friendly commitment to people in daily life. Sport has the ability to fulfill three crucial goals, according to Cote and Fraser: physical health, psychosocial development, and mastering motor skills. Hoden Hoden Hoden Hoden Hoden Ho (2010). Furthermore, Kilpatick et al. Ryska, Koivula stated that sports engagement has been found to increase physical health, psychological well-being, stress reactivity, and mental well-being in both sexes.

Students' intellectual and social qualities have also benefited from involvement in sports. "Being athletes, most students have exhibited strong academic results in their studies, especially at the university level.  Hoden (2010) said, supporting this viewpoint. Participating in university athletics has been shown to be advantageous not only to the players' physical and mental growth, but also to the development of their social ties. This viewpoint is backed up by Hoden (2010), who claims that "education's deteriorating position may be addressed via sport and games." In view of the above, it is reasonable to assume that students' academic success and involvement in athletic activities are linked.

"Participation in sports activities is more useful in the development of physical and mental health, the development of social qualities, and the development of abilities," according to cal (2006). Furthermore, the relief of mental tension, a sense of well-being, the acquisition of good health, entertainment, and weight control are some of the other common benefits of the basic problems and challenges for girls' participation in sports activities in Nigeria. Nigeria is one of the countries with a high population growth rate. Adesoye,(2013). Nigeria is now the world's sixth most populated nation, with a population of 188 million people, 51.35 percent of whom are males and 48.65 percent of whom are women. (Office of Statistics of Nigeria, Survey of Active Population of Nigeria 2012-13, Ministry of Planning, Development and Reforms, Population forecasts for the years 2007-2030). Despite the fact that females make up over half of the population, our priorities have shifted, and instead of paying attention to them, we are now focusing on them. We neglect females and position them at the bottom of our priority list by promoting them. Many occupations, including possibilities to engage in sports, have historically overlooked women. In these conditions, it is critical to give females with equal possibilities in all occupations, including involvement in sports Adesoye (2013).

A number of studies have looked at many hurdles to females participating in sports (personal, environmental, biological, psychological, environmental hereditary social, access to peer groups, age, perceived barriers), such as obesity, a lack of time motivation, money, and other resources. Lack of time, lack of understanding, family difficulties, lack of money, and peers are the top recreational obstacles for females' engagement in sport, according to Hoden (2010), Kara and Demirci (2010), Scott and Mowen (2010), Stanis et al. (2010).

Women's sports draw less money than men's sports on most levels. Women make up 41% of all athletes supported by different programs. Because they don't have a huge fan base, girls' teams in community sports tend to receive fewer sponsors from local companies. Shores et al., according to Attarzade and Sohrabi, Mozafari et al., Mozafari et al., Mozafari et al., Mozafari et al., Mozafar He also stated that fear of aggressiveness, a lack of facilities, gender, race, and hefty admission costs are some of the other variables that influence people's engagement in sports. Adesoye,(2013).

Sport culture is a problem in and of itself. Sports activities have always been seen as largely male pursuits in third-world nations, particularly in our eastern culture. Girls, on the other hand, have a slew of issues when it comes to participating in sports. According to Deem, Jackson, and Henderson, being addicted has always made it harder for women to afford leisure activities. Girls, on average, lack confidence and have a lower opinion of their own performance or abilities than guys. Competition is also connected to self-assurance. K. cal, cal, cal, cal, cal, cal (2006).

Parents, coaches, and other adults have varied effects on females and boys. Teenage females value self-comparison and adult remarks more than adolescent boys, who depend on competition outcomes to make personal judgments about physical aptitude. The goal of this research is to look at female participation in sports in secondary schools.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Different barriers to girls' engagement in sports exist, including personal, environmental, biological, psychological, social, environmental, peer group access, age, perceived familial issues, obesity, a lack of time, motivation, money, and other resources.  cal (2006). All of these variables have a significant impact on female involvement in sports and sport promotion. The researcher picked the subject "female involvement in athletic activities in secondary schools in Delta state " after considering the historical and current state of the sport.

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

the general objective of the study is to examine female involvement in sporting  activities in secondary schools. The specific objective are as follows:

i.          To examine the influence of religion on  secondary schools female students involvement in sport  in Delta State.

ii.        To evaluate the impact of cultural difference on sports involvement among female  students in secondary schools.

iii.      To investigate the influence of family financial status  on sports involvement among female  students in secondary schools.

1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

The following questions guide this study:

i.          Does religion influence on  secondary schools female students involvement in sport  in Delta State?

ii.        Does cultural difference impact on sports involvement among female  students in secondary schools?

iii.      Does family financial status  influence on sports involvement among female  students in secondary schools?

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The importance of this particular study can be justified for several reasons. First, let's examine the importance of sport in the daily lives of young people. In today's mechanical era, we assign every task of our daily lives to machines and computers that tend to make man inactive, lazy and incapable. Games and sports are the only effective way of obtaining free time and satisfaction, as well as making good use of the many leisure hours, and free time is a great social problem. Games and sports are the only effective way to frequently provide opportunities to make the most of leisure in terms of participation in different types of sports activities of our choice and interest. Tension and mental problems are very common today. The sport offers sufficient recreational and entertainment opportunities for all members of society without discrimination. Sport has always produced positive results, regardless of nature, timing and type of use, and in case of stress and mental concerns, sport provides participants with a feeling of freshness and entertainment.

The health benefits of women's participation in sport and sport are now well established and recognized throughout the world. Participation in sports and sports activities can prevent a number of no communicable diseases, which account for more than 60% of deaths worldwide, including 66% in developing countries, the World Health Organization. A player never has trouble adapting in a society and is a useful member of society. Games in progress can be seen in space, in the mountains, on the plains and on the surface of the water. It was a universal activity and its importance has always been recognized. This study will focus on general issues related to sport and the challenges facing girls' participation in sports and other sports activities at the high school in Ikeja, Lagos state, Nigeria.

1.6 SCOPE OF STUDY

The study will examine the influence of religion on  secondary schools female students involvement in sport  in Delta State. The study will also evaluate the impact of cultural difference on sports involvement among female  students in secondary schools. Lastly, the study will investigate the influence of family financial status  on sports involvement among female  students in secondary schools. Hence this study will be delimited to Anglican girls grammar school Asaba, Delta State.

1.7       LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

During the study, the researchers faced a series of challenges, including time. The time allotted to the study was not enough to carry out an intensive and exhaustive study because some of the information was not available quickly and easily. The fund for the personally funded study was not sufficient to cover all expenses, such as transportation, food allowances, recruitment of research assistants and stationery.

During his investigation, the researcher encountered administrative problems. Many of the respondents, particularly those who were supposed to use questionnaires, were unable to complete the questionnaire on time and others deceived them to the point of requiring the researcher to redistribute other copies. In addition, many respondents had the idea of ​​obtaining money from the researcher, especially when they knew he was researching as a prerequisite for graduation. The letter of introduction from the university that the researcher had not convinced

1.8       ORGANIZATION OF THIS DISSERTATION

This study consists of five chapters. The first chapter presents the introduction and context of the problem, its statement, the main and specific objectives of the study and the research questions. The other sections presented in this chapter are: scope, meaning, limitation, delimitation and organization of the study. The second chapter deals with the literature related to the study. It covers introduction, definition of terms, theoretical review, empirical review and conceptual framework. Chapter Three includes the research methodology in which the research paradigm, research design, study area, population, sampling and sampling techniques, instrumentation, validity and reliability of the research. The instruments, the administration of the instrument and the data analysis plan have been defined. Chapter Four presents an analysis of the data and a discussion of the results. Chapter five covers the summary, conclusion, recommendations and other areas of study.

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