CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Family has been universally perceived as a small but powerful unit and the oldest
institution in the history of human existence that helps in the character formation of the child and
moulding of behaviour of the individual in the society. This is because family is the fundamental
and basic social unit for human development and also the primary agent for socialization of
children. According to Macionis (2007) family is a social institution found in all societies that
unites people in cooperative groups to care for one another including children. Family is a social
unit made up of father, mother, children and blood relations (Okonkwo, 2005). Similarly, Ononuju
(2005) opined that family is a unit of people tied together by bonds of marriage, birth or adoption,
having in most cases a common abode. The authour also maintained that man and woman as the
first members of the family have obligations towards the younger members as they arrive and that
involves inculcating social norms such as love, care, cooperation and discipline among her
members. Buttressing further, the author posited that when families fail in these basic functions, a
faulty foundation is laid which will result in faulty adult behaviours such as corruption and all
kinds of indiscipline. In the context of this study, Family can also be seen as a kinship group of
two or more persons who live in the same household and are related by marriage or adoption.
Family also performs certain functions for their sustainability and wellbeing.
Family performs many functions such as reproduction or procreation, protection and care of
young ones, educational functions and provision of shelter (home) (Sunil, 2011). Reproduction or
procreation is an essential function which the family performs in all societies. The family along
with regulating the sexual behaviour in relation to the satisfaction of sexual needs secures a
legitimate basis for procreation. This function of the family contributes to the continuity of family
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and ultimately perpetuates the human race.
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