CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Drug addiction, also known as opioid use disorder, is a condition that affects a person's brain and actions, resulting in an inability to regulate the use of any drug or medicine, whether legal or illegal. Alcohol, marijuana, and cocaine are all considered narcotics, and if you're addicted to them, you can continue to use them despite the damage they cause.Drug and dictation use may begin with social experimentation with a recreational drug, and for some people, drug use becomes more frequent. Others, particularly those addicted to opioids, begin by being exposed to prescription drugs or receiving medications from a friend or relative who has been prescribed the medication (Richard, 2018).The risk of addiction and the rate at which you become addicted differs depending on the medication. Some medications, such as opioids, have a higher painkiller content than others. As time goes on, you can need a higher dose of the medication to achieve a high. You may soon need the medication simply to feel healthy.It can become more difficult to wean yourself off the medication as the drug use increases. Stopping drug use can lead to extreme cravings and make you physically ill (withdrawal symptoms). To conquer your opioid addiction and remain drug free, you will need assistance from your doctor, family, friends, support groups, or a structured treatment program.Drug addiction has spread across the globe, affecting almost every region, though the scope, causes, consequences, and characteristics differ from one country to the next. A drug is a substance that, through its chemical actions, can cause a shift in the biological function of a human being (Okoye, 2001:9).It's often thought to be a drug that alters beliefs, memory, mood, actions, and other bodily functions (Balogun, 2006:8). Cigarettes, tobacco, and alcohol are the most widely used and abused drugs in the world. Due to overuse and indiscriminate use of narcotics, alcohol and other related issues are becoming a growing public health issue worldwide (Acolagbe, 2005).As a result, substance addiction is one of the leading causes of preventable death, disease, and injury, as well as a threat to global stability. Inhalants, heroine, and cocaine are also commonly used drugs (Acolagbe, 2005).
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Untreated psychological symptoms, such as anxiety and depression, can lead to substance abuse in some people. The rush of gratification from using drugs can offer temporary relief from pain, which can result from a variety of mental health or other issues.However, once addiction has set in, the condition normally spirals out of their control.Substance abuse is responsible for more deaths, injuries, and disabilities than any other preventable health disorder. Long-term substance abuse affects almost every organ in the human body, and although various medications have different side effects, they all harm the body.The issue of drugs addiction affects the academic performance of secondary school students through a variety of ways like heart and liver disease, among others (Carol 1983).To this end, crime rate, which is related to drug abuse, has escalated to levels that are very disturbing .We have witnessed numerous behaviour disorders and social mal-adjustments among the youth who engage in acts such as rape, murder, theft, thuggery among others (Carol 1983).The perpetrators of these violent acts appear to be mostly young people who have recently entered high school. They are affected academically, mentally, and socially as a result of their drug use and other substances; they are often excluded from school, and they become delinquents and enter the street life.The problems have engulfed Nigerian culture in all of its nooks and crannies. Youths with mental illnesses are wandering the streets, dropping out of school, wallowing in hospital wards, and being arrested and imprisoned.Drug addiction has wreaked havoc on our culture, and there is no successful therapy program in place in our high schools to combat the epidemic head on. As a scourge of moral degeneration and social chaos, government, corporate, and public attempts to mitigate the threat have proven futile; rather, it has spread like a pandemic.
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The following are primary objectives of this study
1.To examine the effects of drug addiction on students’ academic performance
among secondary school students in Gusau Local Government Area.
2.To recommending strategies of addressing problems of drugs addiction.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1. What are the effects of drug addiction on students academic performance among secondary school students in Gusau local government area
2. What are the strategies recommended for addressing the problems of drugs addiction
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The aim of this study is to increase the scope of information about the causes, consequences, and management of drug addiction in order to provide parents, teachers, counselors, and school administrators with a better understanding of drug abuse in order to minimize drug addictions among secondary school students.
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of drug addiction on academic performance of secondary school students in Nigeria.The sample respondent of this study will be secondary school students of Gusau local government area of zamfara state
LIMITATION OF STUDY
Finance,time constraint and lack of research materials were the major challenges the researcher encountered during the course of this study
DEFINITION OF TERMS
DRUG ADDICTION:Drug Addiction is defined as a chronic, relapsing disorder characterized by compulsive drug seeking, continued use despite harmful consequences, and long-lasting changes in the brain.
ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE :Academic performance is the extent to which a student, teacher or institution has attained their short or long-term educational goals. Completion of educational benchmarks such as secondary school diplomas and bachelor's degrees represent academic achievement.
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