CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the study

Various variables affect school performance, including school location, achievement motivation, achievement orientation, and family circumstances, among others. The purpose of this research was to see whether a mother's educational level is linked to academic performance. According to Niles (1981), children of parents with higher educational qualifications fared better in school. Parental involvement was thought to be a significant predictor of academic success. It seems reasonable to assume that students with literate mothers, who are likely to perform well in school due to parental "push," will also be superior in achievement orientation when compared to their counterparts with illiterate mothers.Alele Williams (1986) claimed that the type of socialization women receive inflicts psychological constraints on them. Women are taught not to regard themselves as women and to serve males even at their own cost. In a similar line, Rogers (1980) argued that socialization involves significant psychological processes. Many women become advocates for the home and family's "destiny" as a result of such procedures. Women have been rigorously educated for this job, according to Rogers, and are constantly informed that it symbolizes the best that life has to offer. The educational attainment of mothers was linked not just to their daughters' choice of non-traditional professions, but also to their educational aspirations. These results indicate that a mother's educational degree has a significant impact on the kind of responsibilities her daughters will take on in the future. It demonstrates that education liberates the mind and, as a result, alters people's role expectations. In a similar study, Mowaiye Fagbemi (1996) investigated the achievement orientation of children from urban and rural contexts in Kwara State, Nigeria. Helping with schoolwork, inquiring after school progress, and monitoring all make a difference to performance. Students in urban schools fared considerably better than those in rural schools, according to reports. The same researcher also said that a kid raised in a literate household gets different achievement orientation and training than a child raised in an illiterate environment. These distinctions have an impact on accomplishment values and orientation, as well as early socialization ideas. Jhrakliewciz, Samson, & Manderlink, 1989; Shanahan & Walberg, 1985; Mussen, Conger, Kegan, & Houston, 1989; Shanahan & Walberg, 1985; Mussen, Conger, Kegan, & Houston, 1989; Shanahan & Walberg, 1985; Shanahan & Walberg, 1985; Shanahan & Walberg, 1985; Shanahan & Walberg, 1985; Shan (Mowaiye Fagbemi, 1996). Academic posit to success was linked to academic performance, according to Mowaiye (1996). The current research takes academic performance research a step further. The current research will investigate at the impact of a mother's educational background on a student's academic performance.

1.2 Statement of the problem
Illiteracy is defined as the inability to read. Literacy refers to the capacity to read. You may alter the meaning of a word by adding the prefix il- to it. Illiteracy may refer to a lack of understanding in a variety of subjects in addition to the inability to read. Academic success, often known as academic performance, refers to how far a student, instructor, or institution has progressed toward their short or long-term educational objectives. Academic success is defined as the completion of educational milestones such as secondary school diplomas and bachelor's degrees. However, this is not the case for many students whose parents are illiterate; since some of these parents cannot read or write, they are unable to provide much academic help to their children in terms of school assignments, which has had an impact on their academic performance. Students whose parents are literate, on the other hand, tend to do better in performance because their parents are engaged in their academic activities and can help them with assignments and other subjects that they find difficult to grasp. A Study Of The Academic Performance Of Students With Literate Mothers And Students With Illiterate Mothers In Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria would be conducted against this backdrop.

1.3 Objective of the study

The primary objective of the study is as follows

1.        To examine the impact of  illiterate mother on the academic performance of a student

2.        To examine the difference between academic performance of  students with literate mothers and illiterate mothers

3.        To find out how to improve the academic performance of student both with literate and illiterate mothers

1.4 Research hypotheses

The following hypothesis have been formulated for this study

H01: there is no impact of  illiterate mother on the academic performance of a student

H02: there is no significant difference between academic performance of  student from a literate and illiterate homes

1.5       Significance of the study

The significance of this study cannot be underestimated as:

l  This study will examine A Study Of The Academic Performance Of Students With Literate Mothers And Students With Illiterate Mothers In Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria

l  The findings of this research work will undoubtedly provide the much needed information to government organizations, ministry of education and academia

1.6       Scope of the study

This study will examine the Academic Performance Of Students With Literate Mothers And Students With Illiterate Mothers In Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. This study will be delimited to selected  primary schools in Ilorin.

1.7       Limitation of the study

This study was constrained by a number of factors which are as follows:

 just like any other research, ranging from unavailability of needed accurate materials on the topic under study, inability to get data

Financial constraint , was faced by  the researcher ,in getting relevant materials  and  in printing and collation of questionnaires

Time factor: time factor pose another constraint since having to shuttle between writing of the research and also engaging in other academic work making it uneasy for the researcher

1.8       Definition of terms

Academic performance: the measurement of student achievement across various academic subjects

Literate : a person who is able to read and write

Illiterate : a person who is not able to read and write

REFERENCES

Alele– Williams,G. (1990). The Contributions ofWomen to National Development. In JAkande O. Jegede, C.. Osinlu (eds).Contribution of women to development.Lagos: Nigerian Ass. of Univ. Women

jhrakliewicz, C., Samson, S., & Manderlink G.(1989). Competence, achievementorientation and intrinsic motivation:Process analysis Journal of Personality,48 (I), 401-410

Mowaiye Fagbemi, O. (1996). The relationshipbetween behavioral posit to achievementand academic performance. Journal ofAfrican Information Technology, I (i) ,47 – 50

Niles, S.F. (1981). Social Class and Academicachievement. A Third WorldInterpretation Educational ComparativeReview, 25 (3), 419 - 430

Rogers. B. (1980). The domestication of womenLondon: Tavistock publication

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