Social networking is creating a dramatic changes or dynamic in the environment but it’s obvious it is creating changes. Social networking an online medium of interaction which let people build relations, share ideas, communicate information and bounding society in sentimental stream. Social networking is making dramatic growth in dynamic environment of now a day. People use social networks for catharsis of their human emotions. Motives of social networking can be different for person to person... read more

In every organization there are people who ensure that the system continues, these are the management personnel’s. The system cannot function well if decisions are made instantaneously. It can only excel where there is importance of planning process. Effect of planning is an integral part of organizational strategies to ensure the smooth running of a system. Effect of planning is always future oriented. It beings with the formulation of clean aims and objectives most organizatio... read more

Communication is the process of sharing information, thoughts and feelings between people through speaking, writing or body language. Effective communication extends the concepts to require that transmitted content to received and understood by someone in the way it was intended. The goals of effective communication include creating a common perception changing behaviours and acquiring information. Effective communication begins with encoding or the skill of relating a message in a clear, direct... read more

Organization has no opinion to whether to appraise its personnel and their performance or not just as training is a must after procurement, so is the personnel appraisal. Therefore, it is inevitable that the performance of the hire personnel will be evaluated by someone. It has been established that the manager job is to achieve the predetermined result through its people. This is an exercise that required cooperative and term effort on the part of the managers and employee under him. The tes... read more

The study examined the impact of TQM on the performance of First Bank, using Uyo branch as a case study. The primary and secondary sources of data collection were adopted in the research methodology. One hypothesis was raised and tested, using simple percentages and the Chi Square method. Findings: this research work is to study The Impact of Total Quality Management in the Nigerian Service Industry, taking First Bank as a case study. Findings show that its implementation has enabled the bank ... read more

Today, work-life balance has become an increasingly pervasive concern to both employers and employees of most organisations. Work-life balance which primarily deals with an employee’s ability to properly prioritize between work and his or her lifestyle, social life, health, family etc., is greatly linked with employee productivity, performance and job satisfaction. Where there is proper balance between work and life, employees tend to put in their best efforts at work, because their famil... read more

The desire to build a civilized country with a strong and sound economy is the desire of every Country, including Nigeria. Tax payment is the demonstration of such a desire, although some income earners see it as a means of exploitation by the government. Tax payment is a voluntarily contribution imposed by the Government on personal income earners, companies, investors, exporters, importers etc. revenue realized from taxation is a major source of revenue to the Government of Nigeria, and as suc... read more

Maintaining healthy employee relations in an organization is a pre-requisite for organizational success. Strong employee relations are required for high productivity and human satisfaction. Employee relations generally deal with avoiding and resolving issues concerning individuals which might arise out of or influence the work scenario. Strong employee relation depends upon healthy and safe work environment, cent percent involvement and commitment of all employees, incentives for employee motiva... read more

Following the uncertainties prevailing in the Ghanaian business environment today, managers and stakeholders must be poised and prepared to compete favourably under these rapidly shifting conditions. In order to survive under these environmental complexities and vagueness managers and stakeholders of both private and public sectors need sharp tools, proven management techniques to forecast the major changes which are likely to affect the business while they choose future direction and dimension ... read more

The two primary objectives of every business are profitability and solvency. Profitability is the ability of a business to make profit, while solvency is the ability of a business to pay debts as they come due. (Hermanson et al, 1992: 824). However, the achievement of these objectives requires efficient management of resources of the business through planning, budgeting, forecasting, control, and decision – making. Also, the strengths and weakness of the business need to be identified and ... read more

A budget is a financial and a quantitative statement prepared prior to a defined period of time of the policy to be pursued for the purpose of attaining a given objective. Also according to A.U. Nweze (2004) in his profit planning. Budget is a plan quantified in monetary terms, prepared and approved prior to a defined period of time, usually showing planned income to be generated and or expenditure to be incurred during that period and the capital to be employed to attain a given objective. F... read more

Maintaining healthy employee relations in an organization is a pre-requisite for organizational success. One way of maintaining good and healthy employee relations in an organization is by attaching lucrative benefits to every job and task carried out by every employee in that organization. Employee benefits which are the various non-wage compensations provided to employees in addition to their normal wages or salaries cannot be over looked by the management of an organization, since the human r... read more

Maintaining healthy employee relations in an organization is a pre-requisite for organizational success. Strong employee relations are required for high productivity and human satisfaction. Employee relations generally deal with avoiding and resolving issues concerning individuals which might arise out of or influence the work scenario. Strong employee relation depends upon healthy and safe work environment, cent percent involvement and commitment of all employees, incentives for employee motiva... read more

Job stress has been of great concern to employees and other stakeholders of organizations. Job stress researchers agree that stress is a serious problem in many organizations (Cooper and Cartwright, 1994; Varca, 1999; Ornelas and Kleiner 2003). The cost of job stress is very high in many organizations in recent times. For instance, the International Labour Organisation (ILO) reports that inefficiencies arising from job may cost up to 10 perce GNP (Midgley, 1996). Job stress is defined as the ... read more

There is controversy that small and medium scale business in any country where they operate play important role in the economic growth and development of that country or nation and it improves the quality of life of individuals (Ohanemu, 2006). Business organizations anywhere in the world operates within environments which according to Adidu & Olanye (2006) is an aggregate of all conditions, events, circumstances and influences that surround and effect the business organization. In management,... read more

THE ROLE OF THE AUDITOR IN SMALL BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS (A Case Study of Some Small Businesses in Uyo) ABSTRACT Just like large organizations, small and medium scale businesses need auditors to survive. The role of auditors in helping small business owners keep accurate and concise financial records cannot be underestimated in corporate Nigeria today. Concerning Methodology, data was collected by means of questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed with the aid of percentages. Furth... read more

Although, there is general agreement among psychologists that man experiences a variety of needs, there is considerable disagreement as to what these needs are and their relative importance (Van Rooyen, J. 2006). One of the basic problems in any organization is how to motivate people to work. Motivating people to work entails, meeting their needs. This is because people working in the organization to meet workers needs affect the satisfaction, which the workers derive from their job. The ... read more

Corporate social responsibility is one vital aspect of any business. However, this is one area where grievous mistakes have been made. Companies need to understand the subject its concept, theories as well as the benefits there of. In today’s business environment, business organization are being expected to assume broader and more diverse responsibilities to the various groups within the society in Nigeria., various communities in which some major companies are operating have been demanding... read more

One of the major problems confronting management today is that of motivating to perform assigned task to meet or surpasses predetermined standard. Motivation is that energizing forces that induces or compels and maintains behaviour. Human behaviour is motivated it is goals directed. It is not easy to motivate an individual, for the success of any motivational effort depends on the extent of which the motivator meets the needs of the individual employees for whom it is intended. Motivation is ... read more

Leadership is a very important management function that involves harnessing of human and material resources for the attainment of organizational goals. Leadership has been viewed by many authors as a process whereby an individual exerts influence upon others in an organizational context. Bowler and Seashore (1996) enumerated the basic functions of leadership to include: Enhancing others feeling of self-esteem and support. Facilitating an interaction such that group members develop a close... read more