Accounting is an old as the exchange process (Whether) barter or monitory that gradually developed with civilization. We study accounting for business and not business for accounting, second communication and exportation of business idea seen to be the most important function of accounting as it relates to business, it is a fact that business organization can not do without making use of accounting information and ideas in their day to days activities the significance of accounting... read more

A look around us will reveal that that our economy consists of people whose material needs and wants are satisfied by numerous business organizaiton especially in the manufacturing sector we can comfortably count on the roster of business organizations both locally and internationally famous such as lever brothers Plc Nigeria bottling company (NBC) Plc Pfizer Plc UAC etc. American writers have pointed out that the world view of the UAS as a “land of industrial grants” a national of big op... read more

Insurance industry is a very vital aspect of Nigeria economy, and its importance and roles can not be overemphasized, in this project work the researcher want to identify the history of insurance industry in the Nigerian economy and also the actual roles and the importance of insurance industry to the common man and the society at large, such roles and importance includes in every sector of the economy, like, the banking sector, Agricultural sector, aviation sector, Business sector etc. ... read more

The impact of standard costing on profitability and managerial effectiveness of a manufacturing industry. The standard costing as a tool for either improves or not improving profitability and managerial effectiveness. Unlike its contemporaries in the field of science, it deals with human beings and calculating significant information. Standard costing as a long established concept is the management function of planning and control. In effect, yardstick has been of vital importance for planni... read more

Man has from time immemorial been struggling indefatigably to find absolute solution to his problems. Among this problems are economic, social, political and cultural economic problem is the most significant. The major problem of all societies at all times was succinctly attempted it by fashioning crude tools out of the locally available wood and other materials to increase his productivity to satisfy his basic psychological needs in a large measure. Universally, econom... read more

One major function of the government especially in the developing country such as Nigeria is the provision of infrastructure service such as electricity, pipe born water, hospital, school and access roads and also ensure a rise in the per capital income, poverty alleviation to mention but few. For this service to be adequately provided, government should have enough revenue to finance them. The task of financing the enormous responsibility is one of the major problems facing the government. Givi... read more

Sometimes, on wonders why some people perform more than others on the job or better still why people work hard. Man in his natural form is somehow lazy and always tries to gravitate towards his comfort unless some kind of force of reap a positive reward as the becomes the motive for his working towards his set target (motivating factor). Given the above illustration, management scholars have tries to define what motivation is all about. The Webster, Encyclopedic Dictionary of ... read more

There is need for acceptable accountability of the money spent by various government establishments. This has resulted in federal government establishment of Audit Department in both the federal and state governments as provided. The duty of the Audit department is to report on the accounts stewardship rendered by the public officer section 118 subsection 2 of the 1979 constitution provides that the public accounts of a state and officers courts and authorities of the state includin... read more

Banks plays crucial roles in the process of economic development by mobilizing funds from the surplus spending units into the economy, and by on. Lending such funds to the deficit spending units fro investment, banks increase I the process. The quantum of national savings and investments through an appropriate investments multiplier, the volume of goods and services produced in an economy increases overtimes as a result of the investment projects embarked upon through banks funds. ... read more

According to Shilt (1990: 120) “the most important asset to an establishment is not the amount of money it has in hand, building or other equipment, rather an establishment most prized assets are the people working for it” Ministry of Education, Enugu is set out to promote education, provide enabling environment for learning, reduce illiteracy, etc. in Enugu State. To achieve these objectives the Ministry employed a good number of workforce. To ensure that the workers are productive, t... read more

Garri: (yellow or white) a roasted gramular hydroscopic starchy food product, produced from cassava (manihot esculent a Grantz) is the most popular from in which cassava is consumed in the West Africa sub region. It is consumed by several million of people regardless of ethnicity and socio economic class, making it the commonest meal amongst the rich and poor. Garri available in the market can be consumed directly without further processing in the dry form with peanut, coconut, smoked fish soake... read more

THE ROLE OF EXTERNAL AUDITORS IN FRAUD DETECTION (A CASE STUDY OF UNION BANK OF NIGERIA PLC. ENUGU BRANCH)

THE ROLE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN THE FACE OF A DEPRESSED ECONOMY; (A CASE STUDY OF FIRST BANK OF NIGERIA PLC)

The growth and development of international trade along west African coast played a major role in extending the medium of exchange beyond trade by barter in the nineteenth century. The ‘’native currency’’ system which relied on item such as manila, cowries, brass and copper rods had to accommodate foreign currencies such as Maria Theresa dollar and British silver coins increased trade motivated the setting up of the Bank of British West African [BWA] in 1894, thereby drastica... read more

In the 60’s especially before the civil war in Nigeria cash crops from Agricultural sectors mining and a few others provide much of the foreign exchange earnings. In this period 70 percent (70%) of the nation’s labour price was on agriculture and this contributed to about 70 percent of the gross domestic product (GDP) this contribution of agriculture to GSP saw a decline in the agricultural sector led the nation into important of food this means a compete reverse in trend of averts. Howe... read more

According to Jensen (2006), an agency relationship is a contract under which one or more persons (principal) engages another person (the agent) to perform some services on their behalf which involves delegating some decision-making authority to the agent. The cornerstone of agency theory is the assumption that the interests of principals and agent diverge. According to agency theory, the principal can limit divergence from his/her interest by establishing appropriate incentives for the agent, an... read more

Since the attainment of independence in 1960 various policies of the Nigerian government have been geared towards promoting the growth and development of the Nigeria economy by influencing the trends of Gross Domestic Investment or indirectly through policies aimed at stimulating the flow of finance in any growing economy. Several literatures have shown that there is a nexus between increase in Real Gross Domestic Investment and economic growth of the Nigerian economy. Real Domestic investment i... read more

Government at all levels in Nigeria have in recent times emphasized on the diversification of the economy through the promotion of small and medium scale enterprises. The importance of small and medium scale enterprises to the economic development of any country whether developed or developing cannot be over-emphasized. They are the driving forces of economic and industrial development. To a large extent, small and medium scale enterprises play significant role in improving the living standa... read more

The word non-profit making organizations explained that the organizations are not established for the purpose of making profits. Non-profit making organizations such as clubs, societies, charitable organizations and social organizations are established basically for the purpose of promoting the welfare and activities of the members and not for profit motive unlike business enterprise. This organization normally has founders, presidents, some executives and members. The formation of the non-p... read more

Auditing and corporate governance as a good tool or form of control in organizations, are gaining more recognition in Nigeria today, due to the fact that organizations are striving to achieve their vision and mission. The company and Allied Matter Act 1990 (as amended) has made it compulsory for an audit report by an independent auditor to be presented alongside the financial statement of companies which are presented during their Annual General Meetings (AGM). According to the auditing stand... read more