The new millennium brought with it new possibilities in terms of information access and availability simultaneously, introducing new challenges in protecting sensitive information from some individuals while making it available to others. Today’s business environment is extremely dynamic and experience rapid changes as a result of technological improvement, increased awareness and these demand Banks to serve their customers electronically. Banks have always been in the forefront of harnessing ... read more

The recent upsurge of concern by retail and wholesale bankers for the enthronement of credit risk management into their operational process had been adjudged by credit analysis as timely and relevant. Financial institutions are exposed to risk taking of which credit risk is probably the most important. The risk problem usually emanates from undue delays in. collection or from a signal of a potential loss which cause a lot of complications in management. Banks in developing economies like Nigeria... read more

Twenty five years is rather short in the history of an industry. In advance country of the world particularly united kingdom where the history of banking industry date have couple of strike taking. Merchant banks (Acceptance houses as they are best known in the U.K. and investment bank as they are known in America) are today common and prominent features of most economics of the world. These institutions have existed in the U.K. for over two hundred years in some prm. In spite of these, to ... read more

According to Orjih, Commercial Banking in Nigeria dates back to the early colonial period. The decline in Banker system of trade and the rise in financial transaction of the colonial government required an institution in the form of commercial bank for safety and transmission of funds. It is privately owned and established for the purpose of making profit for their owners. According to the small scale Business act of 1953, a small-scale business firm is one which is independently owned and... read more

Agriculture is defined as the cultivation of land for the purpose of producing food for man, feed for animal and fiber or raw material for our industries. It is includes the processing and marketing of crops”. In order words, it embraces all activities involved in the primary and controlled production of plant and animals, such as fishing, forestry, farming, livestock, poultry and small scale industries connected with processing of agricultural products. Agriculture is one of Nigeria’s... read more

Government, established bank for development purpose and the role played by banking industry in an economic development cannot be over emphasized Some banks are owned by government for example first bank of Nigeria union bank etc.some by the combination of government and individuals. However, banks in Nigeria and the other countries of the world are established to carry out the following functions. 1, To safeguard money and over valuables. 2, Mobilization of savings and other deposits. ... read more

Banking business started as far back as the seventeenth century. When the receipts issued by Goldsmiths to depositors were used as a means of exchange in commercial transaction. Because these receipts were accepted generally, they became transferable too. A bank is an institution where money and valuables are kept for safety purposes. Bank also lend money known as loan, pay out money on the customers order by means of a change and bank draft and also give over draft to customers. The struc... read more

As a result of Increasing School Leavers Unemployment in the 1970s the Nigerian Government Introduced the new National Policy on Education in 1981. A major provision of the policy was the Introduction of the training of Banking and Finance Studies of Junior Secondary School (JSS) Level with emphasis on total acquisition of practical skills valve and knowledge that would enable Individuals live meaningfully in the society. One of the reason for the emphasis on Banking and Finance Stu... read more

Over the year, Nigeria government has been making series of effort attaining a highly industrialized self-reliant economy. These efforts have been due to the obvious realization by the government of the important of industrialization in economic development of economy and so the importance of manufacturing sector of Nigerian economy cannot be over-emphasized. The sector only provides the finished good, which we need but for lack of which we look abroad foreign exchange through exportation of its... read more

Unemployment is an issue that has generated debates from every nook and cranny of the world. Its impact was more, felt during the industrial revolution when the dimension of man power absorption changed towards the consideration of skill as a fundamental pre-requisite. However, over the years, government around the world have been concerned with how the unemployment question could be answered – similarly, the Nigeria economy was characterized by severe unemployment, especially after the civil ... read more

The Nigerian economy was propelled by the astronomical increase in petroleum prices and the subsequent increase in foreign exchange in flow in the 1970s sound uchendu (1994: 54) this new wealth resulted to a consumption pattern and taste, which altered aggregate demand in favor of imported goods, services and technology. In view of this strong demand for oil in the 1970s, and the expectation that it would remain so future earning were borrowed to support present consumption and unproductive inve... read more

Recently, there have been some resentment shown by some organizations as a result of the disappointment that they encountered while interviewing people who are supposed to have been trained as secretaries. It is also an experience that is becoming common or rather already common with students dispatched for their industrial training scheme. But we know that a large part of this problem can be traced back to the lack of adequate secretarial training facilities in our higher institutions. It is no... read more

Security market or financial market in a broad sense is an institutions arrangement that facilitates the intermediation of funds in an economy. Financial intermediation means the mobilization of financial resources from surplus –spending unity and channeling of such funds to deficit –spending units for productive investment and generation of assets or securities exchange such as bonds and shares, which is approved by the exchange authorities. And as a market it acts as a meeting place or whe... read more

The naira exchange rate depreciation coupled with persist increase in the inflationary rate has been a major bane on economy of Nigeria. To a layman inflation is a phenomena to embrace as his income increases daily without knowing the harmful side of such an increase. Whether there is anything like depreciation or an improvement in the exchange or whether is income is nominal or real the layman do not know. But this complementary problems so to say of naira exchange rate depreciation and in... read more

Bank have been credited generally with enviable role of being a very important source of funds or capital for the development of the economy. This recognition largely emanates from the roles assumed by most banking institute in mobilizing various deposits and channeling some towards feasible and viable ventures. This size tyre and level of such profitable outlet along with other complimentary factors contribute to economy well being of the country in which the bank is situated. As a... read more

A bank can be defined as an organization whose principal operation are concerned with the accumulation of temporarily idle money of the general public from the purpose of advancing to others for expenditures. John page defined a bank “A corporation or person(s) who accept money on current account, pays cheques on such account on demand and collects cheque for customers” Oxfords advanced learners Dictionary define a bank as an organization or a place that provides a financia... read more

Over the last couple of decades the Nigeria almost crude form it has characterized with in pre-colonial and colonial dry. It has become sophisticated that economic experts today can proudly thump their chests. With due regard to ownership structure of the institution, the regulatory framework, the instrument employed and number of established institutions, Nigeria can be said to posses the most sophisticated financial system in Africa. Within the Nigeria financial system itself, the banking ... read more

A financial institution is an organized body, concerned with the management of money. This is to say that the institution is responsible for the lending and borrowing of money. In other works, it is an institution involved in financial intermediation where money is mobilized and channeled from the public dialing (those who have surplus fund and want to some to those who want to invest in productive activities) some of the institution in Nigeria are “CBN, merchant bank, commercial bank, insur... read more

The financial system of any economy is responsible for mobilizing savings for productive investments and ensuring efficient resource allocation. Banks have traditionally played an active role in this regard. A large volume of literatures such as those of Ajayi (2006), Adegbaju and Olokoyo (2008), and Babalola (2008) have documented the contribution of banks to socioeconomic development of nations. In recognition of this, various financial policy reforms targeting the banking sector have been pur... read more

The economy of any country, irrespective of its structure is regulated by certain policies developed by the government. Some of these include economic policies, social policies, monetary policies etc. however of all these policies economic policies are most fundamental. Gbosi (2001) The economic factors are cynical because they serve as a foundation for the success of the other policies of government. The constituent element of these economic policies need to be manipulated simultaneously to ach... read more