The role of BVN aimed at curtailing hazards associated with social security and credit risk cannot be underestimated (Leland & David, 1977). In recent times, biometric technologies have been used to analyze human characteristics as an enhanced form of authentication for real-time security processes. In the face of increasing incidents of compromise on our conventional security systems (password and PIN), the need for greater security on access to sensitive or personal information in the Banking ... read more

Marozva (2015) disclosed that over the past six decades since Markowitz’s seminal paper of 1952 on portfolio selection, most financial theories and models assumed markets were frictionless, thus, in traditional asset pricing models, liquidity plays no role at all because it is assumed away. The moment these conventions are relaxed, the world changes, though not in an expected way. Adekunle (2009) mentioned that during the recent global financial crisis several banks experienced some difficulti... read more

In every developing and developed economy, the capital market has been identified as an institution that drives growth and development. The capital market is a conduit for the demand and supply of debt and equity capital then channel funds to firms with relatively high and increasing productivity thus, enhancing economic expansion (Donwa, 2010). Capital market provides a means through which a nation gets the local and foreign investment it needs for sustainable growth and development. Capita... read more

Micro and small businesses are believed to be the engine room for the development of any economy because they form the bulk of business activities in a growing economy like that of Nigeria (Ashamu, 2014). Since Nigeria attained independence in 1960, considerable efforts have been directed towards industrial development. The initial efforts were government led through the vehicle of large industry but lately emphasis has been shifted to small and medium scale enterprises following the lessons lea... read more

The capital market is a common feature of every modern economy and is reputed, amongst other things, to perform critical capital allocation functions which promote economic growth and stimulate orderly industrial development. Usman, Ahmed and Yahaya (2014) posited that the capital market is a common feature of every modern economy and is reputed, amongst other things, to perform critical capital allocation functions which promote economic growth and stimulate orderly industrial development. In m... read more

Financial institutions play the critical role of mobilizing savings from the surplus economic units and directing same to the deficit economic units for investment purposes. The financial system is the central nervous system of every economy, especially, a market economy. It comprises a number of separate but interrelated components all of which are essential to its effective and efficient functioning. The three main inter-related components include: Financial intermediaries (institutions) such ... read more

The development of the various sectors of any economy is the basis for its survival, different measures have been put in place by the Federal Government of Nigeria in order to achieve this objective, such as, the establishment of the Finance and Research Institution in 2001, provision of direct financial assistance to small business organization, the Small and Medium Industries Equity Investment Scheme (SMIEIS) in 2001, establishment of Small Scale Industrial Credit Scheme, establishment... read more

In a competitive marketplace, to achieve a satisfactory level of profitability must be learned by the business owners. Profitability is the ratio to measure the performance of the company. It is a main aspect in a company’s financial reporting. The profitability of a company shows a company's ability to generate earnings for a certain period at a rate of sales, assets and certain of capital stock. Understanding the determinant profitability is the key factor that helps managers in developing a... read more

Every organisation both profit and non-profit has its objectives and goals in mind to achieve (Chukwu, 2012). For a profit making organisation, the goal is to satisfy the expectation of the owners through the maximization of expected return on capital. The size and scope of Small and Medium Scale enterprises may be small but they still require efficient running of their organization. This is where internal control becomes relevant. As a result of the increase in accounting scandals in recent ... read more

Banking has never been more important to our society than it is today. The way Bill Gates (2008) announced that « banking is essential, banks are not ». This quotation means that the traditional bank branch is going to vanish in order to be surrogated by electronic banking which continues to attract new users. The banking industry believes that by adopting new technology, the banks will be able to improve customer service level and tie their customers closer to the bank. Meanwhile, the banking... read more

The main objective of writing this project “on the evaluation of financial abuse in the federal inland revenue service” is to bring to the notice of the readers the source from which government derived its revenue and how its expenditure controlled and also to identify the evaluation of financial abuse in the federal inland revenue service and some control measure which the government can adopt in order to present the financial abuse in federal inland revenue service. The appropriate gov... read more

A major function of the banking system is the transfer of funds from the surplus units to deficit units of the economy. This is achieved through deposit mobilization and onward lending to customers by ways of loans and advances. Most investment companies in Nigeria today cannot equivocally declare that they have been untouched by problem of loans certainty; it is a way of life in these tumultuous times of investing that virtually all investors are faced with problem loans. Whatever form of... read more

Leadership is a subject that has long excited interest among scholars and managers of men and resources. The term connotes images of powerful dynamic persons who command victorious grieves, direct corporate empires from top gleaming skyscraper of shape the course of nation (Yukul 1981). Interest in this subject existed as long as people have been studying human behaviour. In fact leadership behavior arises where two or more persons gather for political, economic, social or religious purpose. ... read more

One of the prerequisites for the development of national economy according to Ajayi et al, 2006 is by encouraging a payment system that is secured, convenient, and affordable. The world today is moving away from paper payment system to electronic means, especially payment cards (Humphrey, 2004). In most countries, for instance, it is possible to pay for a snack through vending machine by simply dialing a number on one’s phone bill. In Nigeria, like most developing countries, cash is the main m... read more

Following the uncertainties prevailing in the Nigerian business environment today, managers and stakeholders must be poised and prepared to compete favourably under these rapidly shifting conditions. In order to survive under these environmental complexities and vagueness managers and stakeholders of both private and public sectors need sharp tools, proven management techniques to forecast the major changes which are likely to affect the business while they choose future direction and dimension ... read more

The subject of transparency and accountability in modern day corporate organizations has continued to receive attention as never before. It has become a subject of discuss and empirical research both in developed and developing countries of the world simply because of some recent financial crises and corporate scandals. Greater transparency and accountability are argued to improve the performance of corporate organizations through better resource allocation, enhanced efficiency and increased gr... read more

he dictionary of accounting defined portfolio as the collection of different securities or other assets held by an individual or an institution which can be evaluated interns of their combined risk and return. This risk of a portfolio does not depend nor any on the risking or security bills also on the relationship among the securities. For a proper understanding of the frame work upon which this study is based, it is inevitable to highlight it. The contribution made by earlier writer on por... read more

Today, the advancement of mobile technologies has provided an opportunity for financial service providers in introducing new financial innovations. One of the emerging financial innovations introduced by financial providers is mobile banking or m-banking. This study evaluates the customer’s perspective of the adoption or introduction of m-banking in Nigeria. Questionnaires were administered to customers of banks to obtain their perspective on m-Banking. A sample of 90 customers selected at ran... read more

The study sought to appraise the effect of interest rate on loan repayment in microfinance institutions. Stanford Micro Finance Bank, a microfinance institution in uyo was used as a case study for the study. The research was conducted using questionnaires and interviews. In all 100 customers and 20 employees were sampled for the research. The SPSS software was used to analyse the data for the research. A systematic random sampling was used for the data collection. The findings of the research re... read more

The Nigerian capital market is relatively new and has many factors influencing it. The capital market is for sourcing of long term loans, while the floating of government bonds will greatly stimulate the capital market in it’s size and activities. Also, most market started with bonds that are actually floated first. According to SEC, (2000), the bond market is preferred as the ideal mechanism for the exchange of claims among buyers. Government bonds has interest bearings securities in the ... read more