Chapter one
Introduction
Background of the study
Armed banditry and its related threats to human security in Nigeria's North-West region, especially in the states of Zamfara, Katsina, Kaduna, Sokoto, and Niger, have become a source of national security and public concern. The several levels of corruption involved, as well as the recurring existence of armed banditry, necessitate effective mechanisms to minimize the threat to stability and stability in the affected countries. North-Western State Governors started negotiating with a number of armed robbers active in the area in July 2019 to reduce the threat and strengthen internal stability in the affected States. Despite its recorded gains, such as a sharp decrease in attacks, the liberation of abducted victims, and the recovery of weapons, renewed bandit attacks in Zamfara, Katsina, and Niger States between November and December 20191 put the peace agreements signed by the State Governors in jeopardy. Armed banditry claimed the lives of over 1058 people in Zamfara, Kaduna, Katsina, Sokoto, and Niger States between January and December 2019, according to data from the WANEP National Early Warning System (NEWS). In addition, the report of the committee formed to find alternatives to banditry in the state of Zamfara, Addressing Armed Banditry in Nigeria's North-West Region: Exploring the Potentials of a Multi-Dimensional Conflict Management Approach, supervised by Mohammed Abubakar, the former Inspector-General of Police, recorded a total of 6,319 deaths in the State between June 2011 and May 2019. Between June 2011 and May 2019, an estimated 4,983 women were widowed, 25,050 children were orphaned, and 190,340 people were internally displaced in Zamfara State. Over 2,000 people have been killed in Katsina State, 500 villages have been devastated, and over 33,000 people have been displaced.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Fulani herdsmen attacks have been compared to the results of Boko Haram insurgents. The Fulani herdsmen have harmed the economy of northern Nigeria in general. The economy is being disrupted in one way or another as a result of the ongoing violence. The country is insecure. There is no doubt that the current clashes between herdsmen and farmers in the middle belt, predominantly the farming areas, have resulted in the loss of lives and farmland has become a major threat to efforts to increase food production. Thus this study set to find out the implication of Fulani herdsmen activities on farmers
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
i. To know how to stop the bandits from raiding communities.
ii. To assess the negative effect bandits have on communities.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
I. What are the measure put in place to eliminate banditry?
II. What is the effect of bandits on communities?
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This research would benefit individuals, communities, government, and society in general. The findings would allow educational crime fighters to devise solutions for coping with issues that will aid in the elimination of banditry in communities. It would also serve as a guide for prospective researchers who want to pursue similar projects.
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of this study is centered in Zamfara state
1.7 LIMITATION OF STUDY
The researcher had hoped to cover the entire state, but due to time and financial constraints, the thesis was limited.
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Bandits: a robber or outlaw belonging to a gang and typically operating in an isolated or lawless area.
Raid: a rapid surprise attack on an enemy by troops, aircraft, or other armed forces
REFERENCE
Divsallar, O.O. (2014). Conflict between Fulani Hausa and Farmers in Central and
Southern Nigeria: Discourse on Propose Establishment of grazing Routes and
Resources.
Egwu, S. (2015). The Political Economy of Rural Banditry in Contemporary Nigeria. In
M. J. Kuna and J. Ibrahim (Eds.), Rural Banditry and Conflicts in Northern
Nigeria (pp. 14-67). Abuja: Centre of Democracy and Development (CDD)
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