A secretary had been defined by the National secretary International Association as executive assistance who posses a mastery of skill, who demonstrate the ability to assume responsibility without direct supervision, who exercises initiative and judgment and who makes decision within the scope of assigned authority. Stenographers and Secretaries are office workers whose jobs primarily require stenographic skills; namely proficiency in taking dictation with shorthand and transcribing it on the t... read more

The secretary is beset with a lot of problems in the course of discharging her duties or responsibilities, in both business and public organizations. These problems may arise from both the job environment and from her duties. Thus, the functions of a secretary in both business and public organizations are that of coordinating personnel of various arms of an establishment that pass through her and she is responsible for channeling each of the correspondence to the appropriate office for action. ... read more

Every profession faces a number of problems. Some of these problems are inherent in the profession while others arise as a result of the workers attitude. The secretarial profession is not an exception to these problems. This study has been designed to look into the problems encountered by married female secretaries. According to the National Secretaries Association of United States of America, a secretary is an assistant to executive, possessing mastery of office skills and ability to assume r... read more

Every business organization need efficient management and administration and therefore requires the services of secretary Segun (1989). A secretary is one who besides possession of typewriting and shorthand skills is knowledgeable in management and organizational techniques. The secretary relies on her sill in dealing with people. Such skills are tact, discretion, courtesy, common sense, pleasant speaking ability and having a good memory, to mention but a few. It is a well know fact that every ... read more

Human Relations refers to a management tool that is concerned with the integration of people into a work face. It is the study and application of knowledge about human in an industry as it relates to other systems. Human relations come about at the early stages of industrial Revolution on the 18th century when land, labor, capital and entrepreneur were the focus of industries as a means of serving community interest. The objectives and goals of industries/organizations later transformed to rela... read more

Shorthand, sometimes called stenography, is a system of writing by sound; that is phonography. The New Age Encyclopaedia (1977:455) defined shorthand as “an abbreviated system of writing that utilizes symbols or short alphabetic combinations to facilitate rapid recording of the spoken word”. It is thus the system of using signs and symbols to represent sounds. This has succeeded in promoting fast writing, labour saving and time-saving phenomena. As the adage says “time is business”. Shor... read more

Generally, the office no doubt makes an important contribution to economic and social life of any nation or society. Hence any complex industrial society would rapidly come to a stand still if the office is not there. This an efficient organization must provide its management with efficient and sufficient information, planning control and financial services. It is limit to expenditure on administrative services. If every one were engaged in office work there would be imbalances between product... read more

Secretaries play important roles in the implementation of the office work. The nature of their jobs is universally acknowledged as indispensable in caring out their duties effectively in the offices. Despite the indispensable nature of the secretary’s functions, the secretary continues to be seen as an executive assistant. This is more so when many writers have defined secretary in different ways and from their various definitions we will see that secretaries have so much functions to perform,... read more

Secretary refers to a person who performs routines, administrative, or personal tasks for a superior. Those in secretary occupation perform duties such as typing, computer processing, and scheduling for an executive. Secretaries are often hardworking, important members of a business. Its administrative workings better than anyone else. Since the renaissance until the late 19th Century, men had assumed the title of secretary in the 1880, with the invention of the typewriters, more women began to ... read more

A secretary is an indispensable asset to any organization or institution. No tertiary institution whether government or private can in any way thrive in isolation of secretarial duties. The duties of a secretary in any tertiary institution is an inescapable practice or function. They play major role in both private and government tertiary institutions. Private and government tertiary institutions are found in Enugu metropolis Enugu occupied an enviable political and economic position in the hist... read more

Office is the management seat of any organization. It is manned by personnel of varying nature. Included in the list of office personnel are secretaries who carry out important secretarial service in our offices. The national Association International (1978) defined as secretary as “an assistance to an executive, possessing mastery of office skills and ability to assume responsibility without direct supervision, one who displays and makes decisions within the scope of her authority”. For a... read more

Government owned parastatals are those created in order to carry out special tasks for the welfare of its citizens. These types of tasks cannot be carried out by private individuals or people due to the nature of the financial involvement and the effectiveness of its services. They are nonprofit oriented, since their aim is not to maximize profit, it is sub-divided into two viz:- federal and state owned parastatals. Federal owned parastatals. Federal owned parastatals are those owned by the fede... read more

Many a times the success or failures of any business organization determined by the managers, leadership styles. The productivity of any organization can be enhanced by the leadership styles of the managers. The productivity of the secretary who is an integral part of the entire organization system is also affected by her/his managers leadership style to the extent she is affected because she or her work directly with the manager. A leader can be seen as one occupies the highest position in an ... read more

In introduction topic a survey of the strategies for improving the functionalities of ins service training of secretaries in a modern business organization in Enugu state, we must first understand when in-service training is all about. There are many definition of in service training but I will highlight on just a few in order to see ways of improving its functionalities for a modern secretary. Otto and Sender (1964) stated that in service training is a continued education of person while they... read more

Secretaries can be founding many areas of employment such as government establishment, industries, commerce, charity organizations and are services of all these, it is perhaps industry which has most to gain by employing the best secretaries and most at loss in employing poor ones. In the recent time government establishments have seen many changes. One aspect of this change is the increased foreign competition brought about such things as improved freight facilities. Another significant fac... read more

IMPACT OF ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT ON CAREER OPPORTUNITIES FOR OFFICE TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT GRADUATES

Shorthand as a subject is a problem to many office technology students widely known. Many candidates do fall shorthand examination at various levels is also indisputable. But still it is realized that shorthand is an indispensable course in the area of Office Technology. To become an efficient secretary and not a typist, one must pass through the learning stages of shorthand as a course. This project work will be carried out on Causes of failure in Shorthand on Office Technology Students. Vario... read more

Most offices and organization appreciate the importance of record management. Horn by (2001) defines record “as written account of facts, accounts put down as hey occur and stored small collection of data about a specific) that exists as a units of information in machine readable form facts know about the past or somebody or something” Samdanel (1998) defines record “as large of document e.g. letters, memorandum, report etc which are created, processed, stored and reviewed in any business... read more

The analysis of administrative efficiency is about the relationships between inputs, outputs and outcomes. In 1957, Farrell already investigated the question how to measure efficiency and highlighted its relevance for economic policy makers. "It is important to know how far a given industry can be expected to increase its output by simply increasing its efficiency, without absorbing further resources". Since that time techniques to measure efficiency have improved and investigations of efficienc... read more

Todays office business, professional or Government is in a state of change. This change is reflected in the office structure and office positions from entry level to Executive Office Manager Level. Hence attention is now given to what the office does and the way in which office activities can be accomplished in an efficient and an effective way an office manager is responsible for the smooth operation of the day-to-day business of the company, a good office manager makes it possible for other pe... read more