The success of airlines depends majorly on the ability to identify customers’ wants and needs, and factor it in the quality service that would meet customers’ satisfaction. Air transport is the transportation of passengers and cargo by aircraft and helicopters. Thus, it is a transport mode for the movement or carriage by air of persons or goods using airplanes and helicopters (Don- Beliner 1996). The airline industry is a major player in the world economy as it contributes significantly t... read more

Hospitality entails cordial reception, kindness in welcoming guests and strangers. Singh (2007) defined hospitality as reception and entertainment of guests, visitors or strangers with liberality and goodwill. Stocks are stores of goods and materials that are held in a hospitality organization, they can be a nuisance, necessity or a convenience (Arington, 2006). Stock can come in various forms such as raw materials, work−in−progress, finished goods and goods ready for sale (Levis, 2009). The... read more

In Nigeria, credit has been recognized as an essential tool for promoting small and Micro Enterprises (SMEs). About 70 percent of the population is engaged in the informal sector or in agricultural production. The Federal and State governments have recognized that for sustainable growth and development, the financial empowerment of the people is vital. If this growth strategy is adopted and the latent entrepreneurial capabilities of this large segment of the people is sufficiently stimulated and... read more

Strategies for the procurement of building projects have not changed significantly in the last 25 years, though time and cost overruns are still prevalent throughout the industry (Smith and Love, 2001). In a response to reduce the incidence of time and costs overruns, the disputes that may often arise, and the likelihood of project success, alternative forms of procurement method such as partnering and alliancing have been advocated (Love et al. 1998). Not all forms of procurement method, howeve... read more

One can be successful by the recognition of two basic facts, that men are dynamic, and are entirely different from each other. Human being respond not only to the carrot and stick but also to ambition and patriotism .a good, desirable, commendable, popularly acceptable leader is the one who lead by example, has integrity, simplicity, accountability, companion, the ability to listen to it subordinate ‘s complain or need. The person who occupies leadership possession should has huma... read more

The choice of agricultural land used has for some times, been a focus of many research efforts by researchers Most of Nigerian rural populations are, including geographers, ecologists and economists. In crop agriculture in particular, the emphasis is on the distribution of the crops, soil type and the types of other rural economy that will enhance man’s livelihood. farmers who engage in the cultivation of various crops for their livelihood. However, the production of these crops depends lar... read more

The dynamic role of small-scale industries as engine of growth in developing countries has long been recognized. According to Ukeje (2004:108). It’s accelerative effect in achieving macro-economic objectives such as full employment, income distribution development of local technology, as well as diffusion of management skills and stimulation of indigenous entrepreneurship has been well documented in economic literature. Their importance has become such as to make them a pivotal focus of econom... read more

Since Nigeria attained independence in 1960, considerable efforts have been directed towards the nation’s industrial development. The initial efforts were government-led through the vehicle of large industry, but lately emphasis has shifted to Small Scale Industries (SSIs) following the success of SSIs in the economic growth of Asian countries (Ojo, 2003). Thus, the recent industrial development drive in Nigeria has focused on sustainable development through small business development. Prior t... read more

Before now, the self-service and automated customer service has allowed companies to reduce costs while handling the ever-increasing transactions effectively.However, the advent of innovation and the changing profile of customers who are becoming increasingly mobile and no longer reliant on a single communication device. This means that, reactive customer service model is beginning to look out dated and less effective to modern customers’ needs. Telecommunication companies are realizing tha... read more

There is controversy that small and medium scale business in any country where they operate play important role in the economic growth and development of that country or nation and it improves the quality of life of individuals (Ohanemu, 2006). Business organizations anywhere in the world operates within environments which according to Adidu & Olanye (2006) is an aggregate of all conditions, events, circumstances and influences that surround and effect the business organization. In management,... read more

In any evaluation of the condition necessary for the growth and survival of an organization, the role of performance appraisal is a strategic factor. It is believed that both the individual and the organization need to know how well actual performance is contributing to the accomplishment of the job plans, the staffing plan, and ultimately the overall strategic plan of the organization. In addition, the individual employee requires feedback relative to his or her own goals development, as well a... read more

One of the universals of organizations is objectives or goals. Every organization is characterized with the following features: people and structure and all this are geared towards the attainment of its stated goals. Chis Argyris defines an organization as “Intricate human strategies designed to achieve certain objectives” also, Blake and Mouton identified seven (7) characteristics of an organization. These are purpose, structure, financial resources, know-how, human interaction organization... read more

Almost from the day we are born we all belong to some organization, each of us belong to a family, an institution that is not highly structured. Later we proceed through school and eventually go to work for some organization to earn a living. Yet how often do we think about what an organization is? We speak of public organization, business organization, religious organization and many others. What do they all have in common that make us call them organization? The first thing that comes to... read more

The organization structure is the basic framework within which the executive decision making behavior occurs. The quality and the nature of the decisions made are influenced by the nature of the structure. Organization as an element of management is concerned with the grouping of activities in such manner that enterprise objectives are attained. The choice of the topic of this project: The organizational structure and its effects on workers performance was motivated by the interest of the re... read more

Management of Human Resources is that function of all enterprises which provides for effective utilization of people to achieve both the objective of the enterprises and the satisfaction and development of the employees. Everyone appears to agree that the present and future survival of any cooperation or enterprise, depends on the proper management of her material and human resources. The management of both resources and all other resources is in the hands of specific human beings. In any... read more

Human capital represents knowledge, skills and abilities that make it possible for people to do their jobs. The world today is very different from the one which experienced the two world wars. During the second half of the twentieth century, considerable advancement in science and technology along with the establishment of broadly-based government and strengthening of institutions, has led to significant socio-economic progress and improvement in lives of a large number of people in many countri... read more

Production Planning and Control provides the foundation for any effective production management in every organization or manufacturing sector by minimizing defective products is very vital issue to a production managers. To guarantee effective material flow Production Planning and Control represents the beating heart of any manufacturing process. Production Planning and Control purpose is to minimize production time and costs, efficiently organize the use of resources and maximize efficiency ... read more

Out of the twenty three (23) local government councils in Kaduna State none has met the expectations and aspirations of the electorate who voted them into office. Some people blamed the disappointment on the council leaders. Studies in leadership is as controversial as the concept itself. At the local government level there are numerous leaders. The Local government chairman is a leader, just as the Director of Human Resources. The Treasurer is a leader just as the Director of works. Nobody will... read more

Inventory control is an extension of stores keeping and it has been in practice for a long time. It has a wide scope of activities today. Inventory control is an act of safe keeping some valuable items for future use and to produce them when the need arises. Inventory control goes beyond the scope of keeping and producing the items only but also involves controlling of operations, receiving, quality control activities, training of store staff, control of all store houses, stock handling as wel... read more

Product quality and price constitute vital factors that consumers consider in the choice of product. Unfortunately however, the qualities of products continue to decline due to a number of factors. First and foremost, the production cost and other considerations have placed a heavy burden on product quality since as the economy weakens, the quality of a products is being sacrificed for quality at a relatively lower price. Secondly, most manufacturer have a realization that to survive in a recess... read more