CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1            BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Leadership is generally defined as influence, the art or process of influencing people so that they will strive willingly toward the achievement of group goals. This concept can be enlarged to imply not only willingness to work with zeal and confidence zeal reflects order, earnestness, and intensity in the execution of work, confidence reflects, and experience and technical ability. To lead is to guide, conduct, direct, and proceed. Leaders act to help a group achieve objectives with the maximum applications of its capabilities. They place themselves before to accomplish organizational goals.

The relationship to leadership to the management crisis is intriguing as a case of the situational approach to leadership. There is much facts to consider. In times of prosperity well-developed hygiene factors supervision, interpersonal relations, working conditions, wages, policies and job security-may, to a variable degree, be used by the leader as reinforcing agents to provide a “set” that will produce good results. But if adverse conditions develop, such as a long, drawn –out depression or defect by an enemy in way be wage cuts and negative changes in working conditions. What, then is the preferred leadership style.

Another hygiene factor, not include in the usual enumeration is the relationship potential. It would appear that in our society success is assumed and therefore is not a positive factor as a leadership role. On the other hand, can a manager with a succession of failures effectively lead?

The emergence of spontaneous leaders in times of crises used to be a favourite theme for developing an understanding of leadership itself. They group at play selects its leaders and follows orders; at all scene of an accident the doctor emerges as the leader. Are we saying that the best leadership emerges during crises? Based on these problems, it is the intention of the researcher to verify the existence of this problem in Nigeria using Cement Company, Nkalagu as a case study.

1.2            STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS:

A look at the happening in various government owned institutions gives a picture of workers attitude that varies between disinterestedness to deliberate impediment as a result of which the smallest and simple piece of business takes more time and trouble that should and frequently, requires the attention of a senior instead of junior employee before it can be done at all. This adds to the actual cost of operating a business, which involves uneconomic and senseless of manpower. Through the yeas it has shown that government owned institutions have almost if not completely failed in they’re performance. This failure may partly be attributed to ineffective leadership it is based on this that we set out to investigate and evaluate the effectiveness of leadership adopted by these institutions.  

1.3            RESEARCH QUESTIONS:

This study does not desire to apply casual relationships among the

variable questions were posed.

1.                 The leaders in government owned companies adopt what leadership styles.

2.                 To what extent does leadership styles and practices affect workers feelings of contemptment?

3.                 Will changing the leadership styles influence effective performance?

4.                 What is the correlation between reward and effect in the organization?

Answering these questions is one of the core aims of the research.

1.4            OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

1.                 To ascertain the types of leadership style used in managing the company.

2.                 To ascertain the effectiveness of the leadership style is the company

3.                 To recommend the most effective leadership for managing company.

1.5            SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This research work will be of an immense help to Nkalagu Cement Company in their process of choosing the best leadership styles to follow.

Furthermore, it will educate the company on the styles of subordinate and superior relationship to be maintained in the organization for the achievement of the organization objectives.

It will also help the general public on their decision on leadership style to be followed by similar organizations.

This study justified in the sense that it is done as a contribution to the current search for the solution of our managerial problem especially on the areas of leadership.

Finally if will help other researcher who will research into leadership styles in the future.

1.6            SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

The empirical study is limited to Nkalagu Cement Company. It will exclude those workers that cannot read and write since they may bot be able to respond to the instruments of data collection. However, the researcher did not find it very easy in statistical records for most of the work in some division where the current data are available, they are not released in full for few of information leakage especially in Nkalagu cement company. This is also some element of basin the minds of most of the respondent. Hence explanations on some questions are not explicitly done. Also these factors no doubt directly or indirectly would affect the result of this study.

However, satisfactory efforts were made to ensure that this empirical study was conducted under conditions that ensure scientifically valid conclusions.

1.7            RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

This study does not desire to apply casual relationships among the variable questions were posed.

1.                 Ho- leadership styles are adopted by the leaders in government owned companies.

2.                 Ho – is thee leadership styles chooses effectively used in the management of the company?

H1- is the leadership style chosen effectively dose not used inn the management of the company?

3.                 H0- How free are you to discuss important things about your job with your leader?

Hi-How free is you not to discuss important things about your job with your leader?

4.                 H0-Do you share the view that it is essential for the subordinate to trust and the like the leader?

Hi-do you share the view that it is not essential the subordinate to trust and like the leader?

5.                 Ho- to what extent dose leadership styles and practice affect workers feeling of comtemptment?

Hi-leadership styles and practices do not affect workers feeling of contemptment.

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