The concept of dependency and underdevelopment draws our attention to the stagnation, deplorable and peripheral condition of Africa, Asia, Latin America, in the international system. Africa, among other continents in the world, is seen as the poorest continent of the world. In the international system, the G8 (Group of eight) and other international organizations regard Africa states as “POOR” thereby seeing Africa as an incapable or handicapped continent. The reason becomes why they give o... read more

Banking industry is an important sector in the business world which has a growing impact on all other sectors of the economy because of financial services provisions. In this volatile situation financial institutions were not left out as they are seriously affected by the level of competition both locally and internationally. The banking industry environment today is highly volatile; Nigerian banks therefore needs to develop effective technique to enhance the interaction of customers and the ban... read more

The recent indiscriminate assault carried out by Hamas in Israel, which perhaps constitutes war crimes, has resulted in a significant escalation of violence and punitive actions against Palestinians. The current state of affairs is a cause for great concern, especially in light of the comprehensive restrictions placed by Israel on the two million Palestinians living in Gaza. These measures have resulted in a complete lack of access to essential resources such as food, water, power, fuel, and med... read more

Employees play the most significant role in every organization when it comes to attaining success and enhancing productivity. They constitute the important part in helping the organization to obtain a greater productive capacity. Conceptually, the term “employee relations" refers to the interactions, dynamics, and overall relationships between employees in an organization and between employees and the organization's management. It encompasses various aspects such as communication, teamwork, co... read more

Elections are a fundamental element within the framework of a democratic system. The active engagement of individuals in the electoral process is crucial for conferring legitimacy upon elected political leaders and consolidating their power and authority. It facilitates a kind of governance in which the ruler's authority is derived from the agreement of the governed. Thus the necessity for functional democracies lies in the establishment of elections that are characterised by principles of freed... read more

Adolescence is a period of transition from childhood to adulthood. It is a period that the child encounters numerous problems from all areas of his growth and development such as physical, mental, social, psychological, cultural and spiritual growth problems. Such is the difficulties that confront the emerging child into adulthood that some psychologists that describes it as a period of “storms and stress”.This period varies from society to society as a result of cultural variations and leve... read more

Since June 2007, the Gaza Strip has been subjected to a comprehensive closure and various limitations, including land, sea, and air access. These measures effectively constitute a blockade, impacting the daily lives of about 2 million people living inside an area of 365 square kilometres. In June 2007, Israel implemented more stringent measures regarding the mobility of individuals and the flow of products into and out of the Gaza Strip. The importation of products was significantly limited, whi... read more

Ensuring the integrity of elections and preserving it requires effective election administration by an impartial electoral management entity with the expertise to conduct elections that are both equitable and transparent. Ugoh (2022) asserts that in mature democracies, the electoral authorities are often overlooked due to their established reputation for consistently organising impartial and transparent elections. Therefore, election management organisations in developing democracies, such as Ni... read more

The social stigmatization of victims of rape is a dreadful crime that has profound and complicated consequences in India. However, there are still stigma associated with rape victims in many countries, including India. Stigma can have a profound impact on people's lives. It is psychologically and socially debilitating and has been argued to both reflect social inequality and to be a vehicle of social control (Parker & Aggleton, 2015). (Kennedy et al., 2018; Murray et al., 2018; Verelst et al., 2... read more

Leadership issue is evident within Nigeria. It has been a subject of considerable scrutiny and criticism over the years due to a variety of challenges and complexities. The country has a diverse and complex political landscape, and its leadership structures have evolved since gaining independence from British colonial rule in 1960. Usman(2019), pointed out that Nigeria operates as a federal republic with a presidential system of government. It consists of three tiers: the federal government, sta... read more

A free, fair, transparent, and trustworthy election is a fundamental need of functioning democracies. It is also necessary for a democracy to be regarded as robust and stable. Notably, elections are manually performed in the majority of developing democracies, making them vulnerable to manipulation and corrupt practices. This often results in post-election violence and crises, as well as prolonged legal proceedings in tribunals and courts. Evidently, at the dawn of Nigeria's fourth republic in... read more

The term "rape" originates from a Latin word meaning 'to seize.' Rape is a criminal act that typically involves non-consensual sexual assault, often including sexual intercourse, perpetrated by one or more individuals against another individual without their agreement. In India, rape is legally defined in Section 375 of the Indian Penal Code as "intentional, unlawful sexual intercourse with a woman without her consent" . This definition has been criticized for its limited scope, as it does not e... read more

Globally, fuel subsidy reform is increasingly seen as an opportunity for consolidating public finances and fostering sustainable economic development. In Nigeria, oil subsidy remains one of the most intricate socio-economic policy issues. By definition, Ovaga and Okechukwu, (2022) stated that a fuel subsidy refers to a governmental policy that involves providing a reduction in the market price of fossil fuel, resulting in customers paying a lower amount than the prevailing market price for fuel.... read more

Everyone is thought to have a particular study habit, thus it's crucial to figure out your own preferred method of studying. Study habits have the potential to have a significant impact on a student's academic achievement. However, studying with peers has a long way to go in student’s study habits, it has a positive effect in that they discuss what they've read together, but it also has a negative impact in that they might not read but end up talking instead throughout the allotted reading per... read more

The fundamental characteristics that are inherent in an election include the essential adherence to ideals such as freedom, justice, transparency, and credibility. For a democracy to be considered stable and secure, it is essential that it have the aforementioned characteristics. In the period of the establishment of the fourth republic in 1999, election procedures in Nigeria mostly relied on manual methods. The manual electoral process was marred by several incidents of corruption, manipulation... read more

Abuja the Federal Capital Territory of Nigeria has tremendous importance in the country's life and development. It is a hotbed for political fermentation, such that generates centripetal attraction from all corners of the country, perhaps nowhere has the need for judicious use and preservation of exhaustive land resources become imperative in Nigeria today than the Federal Capital City. From the outcome of the panel set up by the Federal Government led by Justice T.A Aguda to relocate the Federa... read more

A pit toilet is a type of toilet that collects human feces in a hole in the ground. They use either no water or one to three liters per flush with pour-flush pit latrines. When properly built and maintained they can decrease the spread of disease by reducing the amount of human feces in the environment from open defecation. This decreases the transfer of pathogens between feces and food by flies. These pathogens are major causes of infectious diarrhea and intestinal worm infections. Infectious d... read more

THE PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF LAND REGISTRATION IN NIGERIA

The management of Pension Fund in Nigeria is as old as Nigeria itself. Pension fund was introduced by the colonial masters to provide income and security for old age British citizens working in Nigeria upon retirement as a post-retirement benefit to employees. In the view of Adesina (2006:7), Nigeria Legislative instrument on pension matters was the pension ordinance of 1951 which had retrospective effect from 1st January, 1946. In 1961 National provident from (NPF) scheme was established with t... read more

Contact management system deals with the collection and storage of contact information of people, addresses, phone numbers and other contact details.Computerized system poses high speed of processing precision, storage, its versatility and high retrieval system makes possible the completion of tasks that could never been achieved with manual system because of the difficulty of completing them on time for the results to be useful. This paper discusses the design and implementation of a Contact... read more