Presumably any comparative research in criminology must highlight the similarities and dissimilarities of a particular crime in the countries being studied. Our first concern would have been to establish whether armed robbery was a problem in both countries (see Clinard & Abbot, 1973). The research would have considered two different groups of youths from two different cultural backgrounds. The study would have enabled us to know the current, recent, and previous robbery trends in both countries... read more

Criminality in Nigeria has been an age long problem that has significantly affected the development of the country both economically, politically and otherwise. The issue of criminality has taken a surprisingly upward surge in Nigeria owing to the increase in the wave of crime and other illicit practices. This high level of criminal tendencies in Nigeria has negatively affected the international image of the country and thus preventing or making it difficult for us to enjoy the goodwill of other... read more

Theoretical significance: this study will contribute to existing literature on PSCs/PSGs especially in the area of crime prevention in Nigeria. The study will also provide the baseline information on typologies of crime prevention in Niger state and stimulate research in the field by other researchers and academicians. Moreover, the study will provide reference document to other scholars who want to engage in studies of PSCs and crime prevention. (b) Practical significance: the findin... read more

A client is a system that accesses or desires for a service made accessible by a server. Server: A server is a system (hardware or software) program running to provide the service requests of other system programs. Port: Port is a software mechanism that allows the centralized connected Servers to listen for requests made by clients. Port is actually purposed as a gateway to listen for the requested parameters by the server terminals or other machines. It is a software address on a system ... read more

o tackle insecurity, a key starting point should be to understand the causes of insecurity as well as to investigate their sources of social disorder and instability. As Andrew and Kennedy (2003) pointed out, it is necessary to distinguish between different causes as each may require different remedy. Besides, it is to provide a holistic view to the suggestion or recommendations of solutions. More often, however, policy makers are disinclined to isolate and clarify particular causes. They prefer... read more

t is the situation that Ake (1995: 2-5) indicated as the product of the pattern of state affairs in the developing world. According to him, the high premium on political power, and the attendant intense struggle for it, further hinders national development for the promotion of the personal interests of the political leaders. Eke further observed that: Besieged by a multitude of hostility forces, most of the leaders in Africa are political insecure. They are as completely engrossed in the stru... read more

Voodooism - Hornby defines it as a religion that is practiced especially in Hattie and involves magic and witchcraft. The films today in Nigeria are mostly on voodooism. Religious Triumphalism - Also, the Hornby refers triumphalism as (disapproving) behaviour that celebrates a victory or success in a way that is too proud and intended to upset the people you have defeated. The Christianity which emerges on the screen is unrealistic, a “crossless” Christianity in which the victories which ... read more

mergence of the group in 2010 came up with a new tactics that include suicide bombing, kidnapping, attacking Islamic clerics, Mosques and churches in the country. Nigeria witnessed the first suicide bombings in police headquarters and United Nation's office in Abuja (Blanchard, 2014). The activities of the sect escalated when on 14th April, 2014 the sect kidnapped 250 female students from Government Girl's Secondary school Chibok in Borno State (Zenn, 2014). Also, Boko Haram and Ansaru were desi... read more

According to socialization theories on parenting, children’s socialization is facilitated by various parental behaviors, skills, and attitudes which are embedded within the broader context of interparental and parent-child relationships (Laible & Thompson, 2007). Parents’ actions communicate the limits of acceptable behavior and model regulatory strategies, while the relational context may increase or decrease the likelihood that children will adopt behaviors prescribed by caregivers. For ex... read more

overty: The vicious cycle of poverty has been defined as the phenomenon where poor families become trapped in poverty for at least three generations. The families have either limited resources or no resources. The concept of the vicious cycle of poverty holds that low productivity leads to low income, low income leads to low savings and low savings leads to low investment and low investment to low productivity. Crime- A crime is a violation of criminal statutory law and a specific punish... read more

Corruption is one of the most widespread social evils in Nigeria; it is seen as a main threat in the public and private sphere. Corruption undermines fragile democratic systems by fuelling popular disillusionment with politics and politicians; it also undermines trust and confidence, which are necessary for upholding and development of sustainable economic and social order. Corruption is not only peculiar to Nigeria, it is a global phenomenon. However, anti-corruption war in Nigeria is like a gu... read more

he study concluded that vocational skills and government training created employment opportunities through the SMEs in Oyo State, Nigeria. Also, formation of business organizations enhanced the acquisition of managerial and technical skills. The study recommended that government and SMEs should focus on the establishment of enterprises that generate employment most. In addition, government should provide adequate training for entrepreneurs while entrepreneurs in turn should provide adequate and ... read more

inance for the general research work will be a challenge during the course of study. Correspondents also might not be able to complete or willing to submit the questionnaires given to them. However, it is believed that these constraints will be worked on by making the best use of the available materials and spending more than the necessary time in the research work. Therefore, it is strongly believed that despite these constraint, its effect on this research report will be minimal, thus, maki... read more

he findings of this study will serve as an empirical basis for future policy making in Nigeria on issues related to the handicraft. To the government, the findings of this study will provide important information that could be useful while formulating policy decisions with an aim of providing an enabling environment that can help facilitate the global market of handicrafts traders in Nigeria. To academicians and researchers, the findings of this research project are a source of reference materia... read more

In running effective SMEs in Nigeria, efficient and effective managerial skills are required. Many SMEs lack the basic skills, techniques and aptitude to successfully operate a business. The managerial skills and talents necessary for planning, organizing, directing and controlling both the human and material resources are essential components of effectively running a business outfit. The study of Ololube and Uzorka (2008) showed that SMEs are unable to employ and maintain highly skilled workers... read more

The study aims to address the extent to which entrepreneurial attributes lead to business success. The study attempts to identify the challenges and prevailing factors against the success of SMEs, analyze them and then proceed to make appropriate recommendations towards alleviating them. The findings of the study are useful to entrepreneurs in SME’s since they highlight the focus on training that is adequate to improve effectiveness in managing SME’s activities and implication to policy m... read more

Finance for the general research work will be a challenge during the course of study. Correspondents also might not be able to complete or willing to submit the questionnaires given to them. However, it is believed that these constraints will be worked on by making the best use of the available materials and spending more than the necessary time in the research work

s more companies consider the value of expansion in Africa, the need to understand the African consumer is becoming a priority (Hatch, Becker & van Zyl, 2011). However, there is currently very little research that has been conducted regarding the factors that impact the consumer decision-making process in Africa. It has been assumed that African companies are not as mature in their analysis and assessment of their consumer base, when compared to companies in developed countries. Maturity in t... read more

It has failed to put in place effective measures to curb illegal logging and only 6 percent of the land area is protected. Previous Government have tried to prevent further loss through a ban on log exports, promoting agro forestry and community based conservation scheme and encouraging plantation and reforestation programs. The success was being limited. Thus Kio (2002) suggested radical change in forest policy towards mobilizing the rural population in the interest of sustainable development. ... read more

his research work is organized in five chapters, for easy understanding, as follows Chapter one is concern with the introduction, which consist of the (overview, of the study), statement of problem, objectives of the study, research question, significance or the study, research methodology, definition of terms and historical background of the study. Chapter two highlight the theoretical framework on which the study its based, thus the review of related literature. Chapter three deals on the r... read more