CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF STUDY

Universities all around the world are now dealing with critical problems that have disastrous consequences for educational practice.Every society recognizes that education, in general, and university education, in particular, is an essential tool for economic growth and development. It has been empirically proven and universally acknowledged that rapid economic and social development cannot be guaranteed unless the citizens of a given country are well educated and appropriately trained (Ahmed 2013).It is common knowledge that universities are businesses that produce and distribute public goods, such as knowledge, all over the world. According to Babalola (1998), universities' knowledge production has always centered on teaching, learning, and research; as a result, it is thought that university education is a major investment requiring a significant amount of financial resources; as a result, funds allocated to university education are said to be long-term investments with enormous benefits both to the individual and to society. Though government funding is the primary source of funds for Nigerian universities, this is not a long-term growth policy.The problem is more prevalent in developed countries, especially Africa. National universities in Nigeria have struggled with problems such as enrollment, housing, education policy, student unionism, finance, and other issues since their inception. Many African leaders invested a significant amount of their budgets in education. Scholarships and grants were given to deserving organizations. All of them had links to developed countries in the hopes of developing a well-educated and skilled workforce to help manage their countries' affairs.

A public university or public college is a university or college that is in state ownership or receives significant public funds through a national or subnational government, as opposed to a private university. Whether a national university is considered public varies from one country (or region) to another, largely depending on the specific education landscape.inequalities were created as a result of globalization, and educational policies were reframed, especially at the higher education level. It was suggested that since a postgraduate degree is for personal development, it should be paid for down to the last penny. The cost of attending school has risen dramatically. . Inadequate funding has been a major problem in the educational system since then. Due to a lack of funding, decay and dilapidation of the few remaining facilities and infrastructure have set in. The classrooms are subpar and woefully insufficient.Attempts by universities to raise funds locally to offset some of the inadequacies have resulted in some difficulties that have had a detrimental effect on students and their monetary programs.public universities that increase tuition fees do so to survive lack of funding by the government.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

Increase in fees has become a major impediment to quality education in Nigeria at the turn of the century.According to Okeke (2010), "access to education" in its broadest sense means "open and unrestricted, unhindered, unfettered" opportunities to gain expertise and skills abilities at each stage of education. Strike activities, which have been a regular feature of the Nigerian educational system, have caused disruptions in teaching and studying as well as disruptions in the academic calendar. Strikes and student protests have caused significant challenges for all stakeholders of the scheme.nigerian student risks dropping out of school due to the increase in tuition fees.Higher education policy analysts say most of the hikes in tuition among public fr institutions coincided with the Great Recession and the economic downturn resulting from the coronavirus pandemic

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The following are the primary objective of the study

1. To investigate the  cause of increase in tuition in public universities

2. To investigate if the increase in tuition has affected student enrollment

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

1. What is the cause of increase in tuition in public universities

2. Has the increase in tuition affected student enrollment

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study is of significant to policy makers and the government.it is also of significant to scholars, student and researchers who will wish to carry out more research on this study

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The idea of this research is to analyse how increased in tuition fees has affected student enrollment into private universities and the student of kaduna state universities will be sample respondent for this study

LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

Finance,inadequate materials and time constraint were the challenges the researchers encountered during the course of the study

DEFINITION OF TERMS

PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES:A public university or public college, as opposed to a private university, is one that is owned by the state or collects substantial public funding from a national or subnational government.

ENROLLMENT:Enrollment is the act of enrolling at an institution or in a class.

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