ccording to Zou in 2011 inflation is an unpreventable attribute of every economy in the world. It has an impact on every nation, both developed and developing, in both good and harmful ways. Zou et al. (2011), said inflation is a significant contributor to social and economic instability and disorder.

The management of Nigeria’s external debt has been a major macroeconomic problem especially since the early 1980s. For many years now, the country’s debt has been growing in spite of the efforts being made by the Government to manage and minimize its crushing effects on the nation’s economy. Such efforts range from the various refinancing and restructuring agreements to debt conversion programme and the deliberate allocation of substantial resources towards servicing the debt.

The IT sector has advanced in leaps and bounds. It has become so ingrained in our lives that it is difficult to imagine a world without it. From the mid-twentieth century forward, information technology grew to include transistors and integrated circuits. The advancement of technology has resulted in lower energy use and device costs

Nigeria is a middle income, mixed economy and emerging market, with expanding financial, service, communications, technology and entertainment sectors. It is ranked as the 21st largest economy in the world in terms of nominal GDP, and the 20th largest in terms of Purchasing Power Parity. It is the largest economy in Africa; its re-emergent, though currently underperforming, manufacturing sector is the third-largest on the continent, and produces a large proportion of goods and services for the W... read more

In Nigeria, interest rate policy is among the emerging issue in current economic policy as regard the role of it is expected to play in the deregulated economy in inducing savings which can be channeled to investment and thereby increasing employment, output and efficient financial resources utilization. The administration of low interest rate which was intended to encourage investment was witnessed in the 1950s to mid 1960s. In the third quarter (3/4) of 1986, Structural Adjustment Programme... read more

Foreign exchange is the means of payment for international transaction. It is made up of convertible currencies that are generally accepted for the settlement of international trade and other external obligation. Just like every other commodity, a market is established which works more like any other market having a supply curve, a demand curve and an equilibrium price and quantity. There are also conditions which are held constant (creteris paribus). When these conditions change, the curve shif... read more

The capital market is a highly specialized and organized financial market and indeed essential agent of economic growth and development because of its ability to facilitate and mobilize saving and investment. To a great extent, the positive relationship between capital accumulation and real economic growth has long been affirmed in economic theories (Anyanwu, 1996). Success in capital accumulation and mobilization for development varies among nations, but it is largely dependent on domestic savi... read more

In this contemporary society one major target of a macro economic polices is how to achieve stability in price level. stability here does not mean a situation where price will remain fixed, it means a situation where variation in price over a long period is minimal Price stability refers to relative stability in price over a given period of time because for some reasons prices rise and fall periodically. Sellers in the commodity market labour market and capital market kept increas... read more

There have been rapid increase of youths movements from rural area to urban centres, no one is in doubt today of the fact the rate at which people (especially, the youths) move from rural area to urban centres is affecting the lives of the rural dwellers. Nigeria is a developing country; in fact, she is at the threshold of being a developed nation. On this note it is wise to be acquainted with the meaning of the world “migration”. Migration according to Udo (1980) defined migr... read more

The capital market, as a strong avenue for wealth creation, plays a key role in economic growth and development. The distribution of the wealth is also more equalitarian because the system does not discriminate between investors and the rate of return. What each investor gets out of the system is a matter of what he invests. The capital market is the segment of the financial market where medium to long term financial instrument are created and/or traded to meet the long term funding needs of ec... read more

Cooperative societies started in 1844 by the Rochdate Equitable Pioneers. This movement spread over Nigeria around 1934. Today cooperative societies are one of the numerous forms of business organization in the world and it is considered as one of the important means of bringing about economic development to Orhionmwon Local Government Area of Edo State. In Orhionmwon societies perform the role of distributing goods and services to their members, promoting unity, provision of goods and services ... read more

his research work was undertaken in order to evaluate the role of Fiscal policies in the development of Nigeria economy. A major issue in Nigerian economy recovery relates to the prospect of adoption of the most relevant fiscal policies in its economy. In view of this, the researcher addressed the following problems to be curbed in this research study. i. Lack of required component of fiscal policies ii. Inconsistency in the use of fiscal policies. ... read more

This is a research work on the impact of taxation on small-scale business in a developing economy. A case study of Ekene Dili Chukwu Nigeria Limited Enugu. It is aimed at ascertaining the extent to which Ekene Dili Chukwu taxation. The area of study was Ekene Dili Chukwu Nigeria Limited Enugu. This study is divided into fire chapters. Chapter one gives the general introduction. Chapter two reports our review of related literature to the theme of this research. Chapter three describes the... read more

Tax can be defined as a compulsory contribution to support a government levied on personal, property income, commodities, transactions etc. now at a fixed rate mostly proportionate to the amount in which the contribution is levied (Crowder 1998) as it can equally be confirmed in (Tilley 1981) Oyebangi(2006) identified two major forms of taxes, these are; 1. Direct Taxes: these are taxes imposed by the government on the income of individuals and companies which are usually paid by the person ... read more

With the collapse of the World Bank and International Monetary Fund policy’s on Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP) in Africa, many questions have been raised by scholars on the factors impeding economic development in leading African nations including Nigeria (Jega, 2003). They argued that economic liberalization in other parts of the world have continued to yield anticipated results, increasing global trade and technological advancements such that by the end of the 21st century some emerge... read more

Taxation is an important factor in Economic planning and also an agent for social change. It is perhaps the last to understand and most unappreciated instrument among other government policies by the citizens, yet they expect government to provide some services. This must probably owing to the fact that most people, particularly in developing countries like Nigeria, have very little knowledge of how the machineries of government operate. Thus, the taxman is seen by an average Nigeri... read more

Value Added Tax (VAT) was introduced in Nigeria by the report of a study group set up by the federal government in 1991 during the regime of the military president, General Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida. The study group came up with Value Added Tax (VAT). The alternation of the bases of tax and the credit system brought to tax led to the promulgation of the Vat Decree became effective from 1st December 1993. This idea, that is the introduction of VAT in Nigeria must be managed implement an... read more

By the year 1970’s and early 1980’s external debt obligation of Nigeria was very significant, but assumed crisis and disagreement in the late 1990’s. However, external debt or internal debt obligations results from disagreements between the Fiscal operations of the government when the total expenditure exceeds current revenue for a govern fiscal year. Whenever a county witnesses a budgetary gap, the nation can employ domestic or external borrowing to breach the budgetary gap... read more

Financial institution occupy a vital position and play a land role in the economy of the nation. Their major purposes are proper mobilization of fund as well as provision of capital for industrial development which is aimed at enhancing economic- growth and development in the early year off banking operation in Nigeria, bank performed their intermediary functious by giving loan mainly on individual basic (ie separately) but as the country entered the threshold of development and more invest... read more

The interconnection in the characteristics of the nation’s market, such as the number and relative strength of buyers and sellers and degree of collusion among them, level and forms of competition, extent of product differentiation, and ease of entry into and exit from the market coupled with relevant cost theory has direct influence on the growth of the economy. However, the researcher is identifying market structures and cost theory as a tool by the government to build the country’s econom... read more