CHAPTER ONE
Many years back, individuals, government and even companies have tried to regulate income and expenditure, but this was not as possible as expected due to certain problem and constraints.
Better suggestions result to these approaches since most of the available resources at that time were not judiciously used. As a result of one problem or the other such as: Non-actualization of some basic needs of the masses, increase in population of the country. Delay and inaccuracy of job done. Payment of uncompleted projects. It is considered expedient to have a balanced and reliable budget which mainly implies the manual estimate of revenue and expenditure which could be applied to individuals, organization and government. They begin to make budgets of their day-to-day expenditure and revenue.
Notwithstanding, the careful planning and execution of budgets in Nigeria, the targets are hardly met while most budgets end up in difficult.
Based on this, the researcher deemed necessary to look into budgeting system in institutions with special emphasis on tertiary institutions. Institute of management and technology (IMT) Enugu being a tertiary institution, is required to have a planned budget to enhance an objective oriented operation.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS
Government, companies, institution and individuals have in the past set up a wonderful budget on daily bases, most of these budgets worked only for a while and crushed.
IMT has been spending so much time on the planning of these budgets even to the extent of setting up a budgets monitoring committee to ensure strict adherence to requirement of these budgets. Notwithstanding, the fact still remains that budgets in this country especially institution budget have never produced desired goal. This work therefore tends to find out why institution budget fails to achieve its goal by tactfully studying the budgeting system of institution of management and technology (IMT) Enugu and formulating a good reliable computer system that will take care of these problems.
PURPOSE OF STUDY
I am not proven that this research work is enough to make me “philosopher stone” I am rather stating here that this work is essential in various ways to a number of people including the businessmen, accountants, tertiary institutions, organization, banks etc. both private and government, owned in the field of budgeting. This will be of immeasurable benefit to tertiary institution, banks and organizations from time to time.
Organizations that make budgets would know measures to take so as to prevent problems of manual budgeting and if faced with these problem, they would be in a position to find a solution to it. Government and even institutions can secure their offices, companies and organization, schools against dubious minded managers as well as fraudsters.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
The objective of this project work was to introduce a computerized budgeting system that would help the tertiary institution understudy to calculate their profits and loss account at the end of each financial year. Due to the increasing errors, encountered during manual balancing of account, the researcher deems it necessary to introduce the new system. This new system would help the organization to avoid wasteful though budget deficit.
SCOPE
In this research work, the researcher placed the boundary on the area of study. The researcher studied the computerized budgeting system of “institute of management and technology” Enugu (IMT) for one financial year.
ASSUMPTIONS
Necessary assumptions were made in order of facilitate easy carrying out of the research work. These assumption includes:
1. That all the information given to me by the institution (IMT) officials are all correct.
2. The Income and expenditure are net.
3. There are enough resources to implement the budget.
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