Cultism can simply be described as a land of gang behaviour that is accepted and value of the larger society and is characterized by oath taking secrecy and violence. Cultism can also be seen as the state of phenomenon where persons are bound together with a common belief usually through some rituals. According to Oxford dictionary of current English 5th edition the word “cult” means a system of religion worship especially one that is expressed in rituals from this definition cults now popul... read more

Education plays a vital role in the development of a nation. Education is tools that facilitate the acceleration social, political and economic growth of a nation. Most advance country in the world like United Kingdom and united state of America have attained such level of development through adequate planning financing of education. The successes of any system of education depend on the proper planning, efficient administration and adequate financing. However, the financial aspec... read more

Reading as an intellectual activity is undertaken in literate society for obtaining information, acquiring and expanding knowledge. It is an important activity in the life of an individual because it motivates the individual interest towards the achievement of more knowledge. It also affords the individual to derive pleasure and entertainment in sharing from the experiences of others communicated through print or test materials. It is also a process by which printed words are assimilated, interp... read more

Language play a very important role in the development of a child intellectual activities language can be written or spoken and the means of decoding the message sent through written language is reading. Teaching and learning activities are meaningful when instructional materials are used of effectively and efficiently in a classroom situation. It is necessary for teacher of English Language in Nigeria to use visual aids also now as instructional materials in order to make teaching interest, eff... read more

The term “literature” is a term of art which is known as imaginative writing in the sense of fiction-writing which is not literally true. Literature has also been described as a creative work of art, involving an aesthetic reordering of experience in order to communicate it morefully or accurately. Literature is any imaginative work of art that is written, sung, spoken or charted. That has a specific message and is conveyed in beautiful and woven language with the aim of entertainment. In ot... read more

The issue of moral decadent in our society is a thing that is needed to be looked into. Many things have gone wrong, since no one sees the reason to be upright in action at all times, in all places and in all circumstances. The continuing degeneration of personal virtue among the world’s societies seems to be emerging as the single-most urgent issue of our time. Until recent years, churches had since deferred from their original roles in morality, though many outside the church continued poli... read more

Secondary education can be defined as the transition between the primary education and tertiary education. It aims at preparing children for useful living in the society and at the same time prepares them for higher education. The national policy on education (1981) divides the secondary school into junior secondary (JSS) and senior secondary school (SSS) each stage is for a period of three years. The three years in junior secondary school is like the primary education, which is both prevocation... read more

Man is a “wanting animal” so says Abraham, Maslow in his work, theory of motivation. This implies that no sooner is one of the needs satisfied than another emerges. The process is unending. It continues from birth to death. This assertion no doubt is cogent with the economic theory of human wants. According to the economist, human wants are unlimited. Thus the more you satisfy them; the more you observe that others are queuing for satisfaction. Wants, they observe particularly increase with ... read more

Benin kingdom during Oba Ewedor who was the 4th Oba in Benin Kingdom he reigned from 1255 to 1280 AD he was the first Oba to establish native prison called “Ewedor” in his own name where offenders were confined, the keeper or warder “Eriebo” in Benin dialect while the prisoners were called “Eseghan”. This native prison system was in use before the arrival of the colonial masters in 1895. In 1910 during the reign of Oba Eweka, government rebuilds the prisons in the same premises. It c... read more

The education of women has been recognized for several decades as a fundamental human right and a development necessity. Education not only provide basic knowledge and skills to improve health and livelihood, but it empowers women to take their rightful place in society and development process. Education gives women the status and confidence to influence household decisions. Educating women is the key to breaking the cycle of poverty. In the Nigerian society between the early 1970s ... read more

The problem of declining morality, especially among the youth, is an age-old and worldwide issue. This is especially true in Nigeria, Syria and South Africa where the ever-decreasing levels of morality affect communities as well as the entire country. For example, the economy of Nigeria is affected negatively due to lowered investor confidence, which is influenced by the high instances of violence and crime. As far as the family is concerned, Nigeria is also suffering. For example, more children... read more

The 21st century requires equipping children with basic education in literacy and numeracy, as the more advanced completes skills needed for living that can serve as the foundation of life enabling the children to adapt and change life abetting to life every-changing circumstances. Basic education remains the most important fac6tor that enables the very process is about enhancing knowledge, skills and attitudes needed for societal and national growth of any country of the world. Slavin (1983) de... read more

Family planning is not new in the society; it has been well established in developed countries that those under developed countries could not recognize that they are practicing family planning. It was such in the area of study that when a woman put to bed or deliver a baby she is sent to her mother to nurse the baby for one or two years. The period of stay with her mother was meant to breast feed the baby, after which she then return to her husband. This way natural child spacing was taking plac... read more

It is no longer in doubt that women play very significant role in the development process on human society (IES). Recently, the need and importance of women education has come on the increase most countries, especially developing countries have stated create an avenue through women would be educated. The world as a whole have also begin to recognize women’s education and how important it has become this evolves March 8th of the first world conference was to examine the changes for women in the... read more

The mobility of man has increased with technical and economic process. He has specialized means of transport to assist his mobility as much that distance is spoken of in terms of time according to the mode of transport. Migration is a dynamic component of population with reference to movement of people from one geographical area to another. Migration can be classified into the following; a) Rural – rural migration b) Rural – urban migration c) Urban – urban migrat... read more

The Independent National Electoral Commission-INEC is the body that is charged with the responsibility of conducting the 2011 general election in all the 36 states of the federation capital territory. The commission is to ensure that elections are conducted in a free and fair manner and to announce the winners of all the elections throughout the federations. It was established to replace the erstwhile electoral body, The National Electoral Commission of Nigeria (NECON). General Abdu... read more

Education is as old as the existence of man on earth. The early man learnt to adapt to his social and physical environment by observation and precautious learning. Later generations were taught to cope with their environments by the process of socialization. Over the years, government has evolved national objectives to be attained through education because education has been acclaimed as the instrument for the development of a nation. It’s a tool that appears to have been utilized by developed... read more

Guidance and counselling as the name implies in the mode and conduct by which an individual or a body of individual assist in the aspect of co-ordination, which lead to efficiency in a given state or policy for the up keep of the future, in a situation as it was from origination traditionally, people were guided through the use of “Ikoro” ‘Ekwe’ or what we refer to as “talking drum”. This is because, once the people hearts their sounds, everyone pays attentions, listen alternatively,... read more

Research has proved beyond questions that learning is more effective when as many serve as possible are used and of all the serve sight is powerful. The need, therefore to present information to students visually as well as verbally is now generally accepted. In school today, emphasis is laid on qualitative and quantitative, curriculum contents techniques and methods of teaching of qualified teachers with great increase in the number of school as well as students enrolment is on increase, and t... read more

Adult education is not new in the history of man in Nigeria. Traditional adult education is the oldest from of adult education which started with the earliest history of any human community, this adult education may be said to be as old as creation. Adult education in Nigeria like other forms of education was never neglected in the traditional society though it hardly appeared as a topic for discussion. In the early 1920’s adult education was organized in the evening for working class adult. E... read more