It is widely acknowledged that, education is an important determinant factor of economic growth. Prominent classical and neoclassical economist such as Adam Smith, Romer, Lucas and Solow emphasized the contribution of education in developing their economic growth theories and models. The main theoretical approaches of modeling the linkages between education and economic performance are the neoclassical growth models of Robert Solow (1957) and the model of Romer (1990). Apart from the theoretical... read more

This research work examines the impact of monetary policies on foreign trade in Nigeria. The research made use of secondary data which are collected from the Central Bank of Nigeria, Statistical Bulletin (2010). The data were collected for the period of thirty years (i.e.) 981-2010). The study employed quantitative analysis approach. The variables considered appropriate indices for monetary policy were Money Supply, Interest Rate, Exchange Rate, Inflationary Ratio and Liquidly Ratio. The major t... read more

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1   BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY          Manufacturing sector plays a catalytic role in a modern economy and has many dynamic benefits crucial for economic transformation. In a typical advanced Country, the manufacturing sector is a leading sector in many respects. It is an avenue for increasing productivity related to import replacement and export expansion, creating foreign exchange earning capacity; and raising employment and per... read more

Generally, both fiscal and monetary policies seek at achieving relative macroeconomic stability. Based on countries' experience on the role of monetary policy in controlling economics instability, this study examines the efficacy of monetary policy in controlling inflation rate and exchange rate instability. The analysis performed is based on a rational expectation framework that incorporates the fiscal role of exchange rate. In this research work, the researcher is focusing on monetary policy a... read more

The term “Agriculture” has been subjected to different definitions by various experts. As a result Ighodo (1984: 20) defined agriculture as the art and science of the cultivation of crops and rearing of animals for man’s use. He also emphasized that agriculture is also the production of fibres for industries, processing of farm produce, packaging and marketing of farm products. This definition is quite embracing as it covers all activities that ensure man’s sur... read more

The Nigerian economy has witnessed a slow pace of growth of less than 5 percent in the last two decades. Various reasons have been advanced to this development but the most apparent has been the poor investment climate in the economy and this has been attributed to the low available investable funds. The stimulation of sustained economic growth requires a balance investment in physical and financial assets human and social capital as well as natural and environmental capital. ... read more

Nigeria emerged from the colonial experience with an economy structured in accordance with the imperators of colonial economic relationship. The first National Development plan of (1963) was launched with the objectives of providing the framework for industrial take off and development. However, as the foreign investors were apprehensive of the nascent independent administration, efforts were made not only to alloy their fears of nationalism but also to attract more foreign investments through... read more

INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY The capital market has been identified as an institution that contributes to the socio-economic growth and development of emerging and developed economies. This is made possible through some of the vital roles played such as channeling resources, promoting reforms to modernize the financial sectors, financial intermediation capacity to link deficit to the surplus sector of the economy, and a veritable tool in the mobilization and allocation of ... read more

Every country in the world aim at achieving economic growth and development. However, this is only possible if a country has adequate resources. In developing countries, especially those in sub Sahara Africa, the resources to finance the optimal level of economic growth and development are in short supply. This is as a result of the economies ploughed with problems of low domestic savings, low tax revenues, low productivity and meager foreign exchange earnings. Basically, for these reasons, m... read more

1.1 INTRODUCTION The global financial crisis began in the United States of America and the United Kingdom when the global credit market came to a standstill in July 2007 (Avgouleas, 2008). The crisis, brewing for a while, really started to show its effects in the middle of 2008. Around the world stock markets have fallen, large financial institutions have collapsed or been bought out, and governments in even the wealthiest nations have had to come up with rescue packages to bail out their... read more

A major engine of economic growth and development in any nation it its financial market. It impacts in directly and positive on the economy providing financial resources through its intermediation process, for the financing of short, medium and long term projects (AL-Faki, 2007). Finance is one of the basic organic functions of any organization revolves, be it a profit seeking or non profit concern financial management decision are sing anon to all other organizational decisions, therefore the ... read more

Privatization Appeared on standard dictionaries only in the early 1980s [it appeared in Webster new collegiate Dictionary is one of the radical methods through for thinning the government owned enterprises [which failed to maximize greater goods, he did so at high cost and ran government into severe fiscal problems in the 1980s making loans difficult to raise both home and abroad]. Around the other method was to strengthen the methods by which government controlled their enterprises. To ac... read more

The economic system practiced by any country determines the type of economic policy that country produces, that is determines the monopoly of power of power in production and distribution activities with special reference to the ownership, decision making as well as incentive structure operating in the country. Karl Polory (1964) distinguishes three (3) main types of economic system as the traditional (subsistence) planned (command) and market economy. However, the field of comparative economic ... read more

Agriculture sectors is one of the earliest sector, it starts when man has to survive as gathering of fruits and nuts. He has depended on the natural burning of the forest and water body. It is only recently as perhaps ten thousand year ago that man began to adopt and attempt to domesticate animals and plants. He began the transition from primitive hunting and gathering and the practices of animal’s husbandry and tilling of the land. At first, he did this unconsciously but as time passed he ... read more

1.1 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND The idea of manpower planning and development on a global scale stated during the Second World War. This was a result of the shortage of labour in the industries where much of them were asked to go to war. The need for manpower was great that U.S government set up a national, agency called war manpower resources to control and allocate human resources, food metal petroleum and other critical resources. The effective functioning of the strategies could be u... read more

One of the challenges to the economics and special well being of Nigerian in the past five years is the steady decline in the number of transport facilities nation wide. Nigeria is presently on the verge of an imminent crisis and a state of paralysis in transportation. This is particularly manifested the problems being experienced in our transportation modes such as airways, road and water ways are all over abrasive and are greatly experiencing a number of bottlenecks, and shortage either in rol... read more

A Tax is a fee charged or levied by a government on a product, income, or activity. If it is levied directly on personal or corporate income, it is called a direct tax. If it is levied on the price of a good or service, then it is called an indirect tax. The main reason for taxation is to finance government expenditure and to redistribute wealth which translates to financing development of the country (Ola, 2001 Jhingan, 2004, Musgrave and Musgrave, 2004. Bhartia, 2009). Whether the taxes collec... read more

The level of fraud in the present day Nigeria has assumed on epidemic dimension. It has eaten deep into every aspect of our life to the extent that a three years old child talks about 419, the name given to the newly discovered fees fraud that is hunting us a nation. Fraud is defined as “deceit or tricking deliberately practiced in order to gain some advantages dishonestly.” For an action to constitute fraud therefore there must be a dishonest intention and the action must be intended to ben... read more

Every business firm normally will like to know how it perform over a period of time thus leading to a preparation of profit and loss statement. They also ask about their position at a particular point in time, which lead then to proper balance sheet. Finally they will like to know where they are leading which led to the preparation of budget. Budgeting is a term that used by long man. Long confused budgeting with planning. a beget is part of a plan. A plan can be expressed in monetary and non... read more

Local government is the third tier of government in Nigeria. The Local government system was entrenched in the 1979 constitution via part 11, section 7, sub section (1)………5. However, the origin of local government administration in Nigeria was empowered through the 1976 local government reform. When president Olusegun Obasanjo was the then Military Head of state, which terminated in 1979. this is to say that 1979 and 19989 Federal Republic of Nigeria constitution recognized the local go... read more